本論文呈現電阻式鎖頻迴路的架構，能夠打破傳統鬆弛振盪器之中溫度變異性與功耗之間的權衡關係，使得達到溫度穩定的同時也不失有非常好的能源效率。在參考電流源以及偏移電壓的斬波器的同時操作於不同頻率之下，能夠避免影響到切換電容等效電阻的精確性且有效的消除非理想效應帶來的溫度變異的問題，並且消去了存在於電路中由電晶體貢獻的低頻率閃爍噪音，因此達到了更好的長期頻率穩定性，且在不同斬波器開啟的模式下，相較於只使用一種斬波器，有著接近十倍的改善；相較於不使用斬波器的模式下，有著十六倍的改善。本篇作品使用台積電180 nm的互補式金屬氧化物半導體製程，達到每攝氏溫度百萬分之30.1的溫度係數並伴有百萬分之2.73 (在18秒的積分時間後) 的長期穩定性，在室溫下能夠輸出200千赫茲而只需要消耗293毫微瓦，相當於每千赫茲1.47毫微瓦的電源效率。此作品能夠操作在很寬的供應電壓從0.9伏特到1.8伏特而能夠達到每電壓百分之0.64的線性靈敏度。在第一優值中能夠達到 94.14 dB，而第二優值則能達到89.78 dB。

This work presents an on-chip oscillator with resistive frequency locked loop and chopper stabilization techniques. It can break down the trade-off relationships between power consumption and temperature coefficient (TC) unlike the conventional relaxation oscillator. Accordingly, resistive frequency locked oscillator (RFLO) can reach a stable TC without losing the energy efficiency. With the current-chopper and the offset-chopper operating at different frequencies simultaneously, this avoids interfering with the accuracy of the equivalent resistance of the switched capacitor and effectively eliminates the TC issues from the non-idealities. Besides, it mitigates the low-frequency flicker noise due to the transistors, making the better long-term stability. It improves nearly ×10 of long-term stability compared with the modes with only one chopper turned on, and ×16 of long-term stability compared with the mode with no choppers turned on.
This work is fabricated by TSMC 180-nm CMOS process. It approach a 30.1 ppm/℃ of TC with 2.73 ppm (after 18s integration time) of long-term stability. It can generate the output frequency of 200 kHz while consuming only 293 nW, the energy efficiency of 1.47 nW/kHz. It can operate under a wide-range of supply voltage from 0.9 V to 1.8 V and achieve 0.64 %/V of line sensitivity. It can reach 94.14 dB of FoM1, and 89.78 dB of FoM2.

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