研究背景：急診每年平均放置300萬條導尿管，高達91%病人的導尿管於急診放置。導尿管可能併發尿管相關泌尿道感染，進而增加死亡率及醫療成本。近年來，許多研究與臨床實務皆著力於發展降低急診放置導尿管介入措施，然急診病人不當放置導尿管發生率仍為24%~62%；同時，一份1995-2010年於急診回溯性研究亦指出，64.9%導尿管放置為不當且可避免的。導尿管放置與醫護人員密切相關，若能深入了解醫護人員對放置導尿管的知識、態度及實務現況與相關因子，有助於設計更適切之介入措施，進而降低急診導尿管放置。
研究目的：調查急診醫護人員對放置導尿管的知識、態度與實務現況，並辨識其相關因子。
研究方法：本研究為橫斷性調查研究設計，於全台灣共14間軍醫院及3間榮民總醫院進行收案。以急診室醫師與護理師為研究對象，納入條件為工作單位隸屬於急診室且超過三個月者，排除條件為無實際執行急診臨床業務。問卷資料收集內容，包含：基本特性問卷、醫護人員放置導尿管知識問卷、醫護人員放置導尿管態度問卷及醫護人員放置導尿管實務問卷。資料以SPSS軟體進行描述性與推論性統計分析，描述性統計包含：次數、平均數、百分比、標準差；推論性統計分析包含：獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、相關係數分析與多元線性迴歸分析。 
研究結果：總計收案135人，護理師為124人(91.9%)為多數。醫護人員放置導尿管知識平均分數為30.01±3.46分；其中，以題組三「放置導尿管後的照護」，平均答對率為85.8%最高，最低為題組一「各類臨床情況是否符合放置導尿管的適應症」為64.4%。醫護人員放置導尿管態度平均分數為86.03±5.90分、放置導尿管實務平均分數為41.21±4.31分。醫護人員放置導尿管態度之線性迴歸分析，發現醫護人員學歷為專科/大學之放置導尿管態度得分顯著較低(β=-0.185, 95%CI -5.859 to -0.397)、工作醫院為區域醫院(β=0.296, 95%CI 0.387-6.569)或醫學中心(β=0.445, 95%CI 0.387-8.536)得分顯著較高。然而，醫護人員放置導尿管知識與實務之線性迴歸分析，結果發現職業類別、年齡、性別、最高學歷、職業層級、工作年資、於急診之工作年資、放置導尿管的頻率、是否接受過放置導尿管在職教育及工作醫院，皆無顯著差異。
結論：建議醫院舉辦導尿管相關在職教育時，可針對放置導尿管的適應症進行強調說明，以提高醫護人員放置導尿管的相關知識。而醫護人員於放置導尿管的態度與實務結果雖優於國外研究，但臨床工作中實際觀察，醫護人員仍常因無人協助病人如廁、收取檢體不易、或病人家屬要求，而放置導尿管。推論受試者於答題時，可能傾向選擇「應該執行」的答案，而非「實際執行」的答案，造成結果偏誤，未來建議採取混合 
式研究設計，除主觀回應外再加上臨床實際執行狀況，以取得最符合放置導尿管現況的研究結果。

The purpose of this study was to understand the knowledge, attitude and practice of healthcare professionals about use of urinary catheters in emergency rooms. Furthermore, to examine associated factors related to knowledge, attitudes and practices. This study was a cross-sectional research design, a total of 135 healthcare professionals were included in the final analysis. The results from linear regression analysis of the attitude of urinary catheter insertion, were found healthcare professionals with a diploma/university degree was significantly lower (β=-0.185, 95%CI -5.859 to -0.397), and the working hospital was regional hospitals (β=0.296, 95%CI 0.387-6.569) or medical centers (β=0.445, 95%CI 0.387-8.536) scored significantly higher. The suggestion is that when the hospital organizes training program related to urinary catheters, it can emphasize the indicators for catheter insertion, so as to improve the knowledge of healthcare professionals on catheter insertion. However, other factors did not show any significant association with knowledge and practice of urinary catheter insertion.

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