本研究主要以有限差分軟體MODFLOW-SURFACT，模擬分析具有高地下水位與高覆岩的曾文水庫越域引水東隧道隧道，其開挖可能引致之湧水量。模式中採用現場調查實測水文與地質資料，以便建構二維與三維水文地質數值模型，來模擬評估隧道開挖時，單一輪進的湧水量、穩定出水湧水量以及累積湧水量。模擬結果顯示，每一輪進造成的湧水量以高中斷層處最大，其值為0.695 ( l/ s•m )；荖濃斷層帶、荖濃斷層與高中斷層帶間的砂岩帶以及老人溪背斜右翼砂岩帶每一輪進造成的湧水量次之，其值介於0.55 ( l/ s•m )至0.547 ( l/ s•m )之間。穩定湧水量以老人溪背斜東翼部份較大，其值為0.43 ( l/ s•m )；高中斷層、荖濃斷層、高中斷層與荖濃斷層間的砂岩帶以及西洞口附近的頁岩穩定湧水量次之，約為0.2 ( l/ s•m )至0.3 ( l/ s•m )之間。每一輪進隧道開挖累積總湧水量為2849.9噸，但地下水年補注量750.6百萬噸，故若隧道之開挖過程有進行適當防水措施，則該隧道開挖對於地區之水資源環境之衝擊不大。

　　A computer program, MODFLOW-SURFACT, is applied to simulate the inflow of the east part of transbasin diversion tunnel of Tesengwen Reservoir during tunnel excavation. The tunnel is located in the complex geological structures with deep depth cover rocks and water pressure. The field data is investigated and collected in order to establish two-dimension and three-dimension hydrogeology model and to estimate the inflow under the several specific conditions, for instance, single tunnel advance rate, steady and accumulate condition etc. The simulational results showed the maximum inflow during each tunnel advance is the value of 0.695 l/ s•m occurred in Kaochung fault. The intermediate inflow is the value in the range between 0.55 l/ s•m to 0.547 l/ s•m occurred in the tunnel cross-section through two faults, Laonung fault and Kaochung fault. On the other hand, the steady inflow under steady analysis is the value of 0.43 l/ s•m in the east part of the Laorenxi anticline. Furthermore, the steady inflows are the values in the range between 0.2 l/ s•m to 0.3 l/ s•m for the Kaochung fault, Laonung fault, the sandstone between Laonung fault and Kaochung fault and the shale proximity the west entrance. The impact of tunnel excavation on groundwater recharge of water resource environment seems to be less significant because the accumulated inflow of the study area during each tunnel advance is the value of 2849.9 tons/year which is significantly less than the value of 750.6 megaton/year from groundwater recharge of the water basin.

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