研究背景: 帕金森氏症是一種神經退化性疾病，主要的症狀包含了動作障礙以及可能伴隨之認知退化。運動介入對於控制帕金森氏症病情的進展扮演著重要的角色，近期研究指出帕金森氏症病患在接受有氧運動及太極拳運動後，對於動作症狀及認知功能都獲得改善。本研究旨在探討透過長期有氧運動及太極拳運動對於初期之帕金森氏症患者的臨床動作症狀及認知神經功能所帶來之不同效果。方法: 本研究招募四十位第一期至第二期的帕金森氏症患者並將其隨機分配至以下三個組別，分別為: 有氧運動組(n=13)、太極拳運動組(n=15)以及控制組(n=12)。在為期12周之介入前後，分別使用統一帕金森氏症評定量表第三部份 (UPDRS-III) 之分數做為臨床動作症狀的評估，並且在受試者進行工作記憶認知作業時，利用反應時間、正確率等行為表現，搭配事件相關電位之N2波及P3波等神經生理參數作為認知神經功能之評估。結果: 經過十二周的介入，有氧運動組和太極組的UPDRS-III評分顯著降低，控制組則顯著升高，表示動作症狀更加嚴重。在介入後進行的認知作業中，有氧運動組表現出顯著更快的反應時間和更大的P3振幅，太極組則僅有在P3幅度上有所改善，而控制組在認知神經生理方面顯示出顯著較小的P3振幅。然而，在 N2或正確率表現上均未觀察到顯著的組間差異。結論: 本研究證實了太極拳和有氧運動對於帕金森氏症患者動作症狀和認知退化具有不同程度的效益。對於如何針對早期帕金森氏症患者設計合適的運動處方具有重要意義。

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative condition that generally manifests by motor and non-motor symptoms, particularly cognitive decline. Exercise is crucial for managing PD, and recent studies have demonstrated that Tai Chi Chuan and aerobic exercise enhance motor symptoms and cognitive function. The purpose of this research is to examine the effects of aerobic exercise and Tai Chi Chuan on the clinical motor condition and neurocognitive performance of patients with early-stage PD.
Methods: Fourty PD patients were enlisted and subdivided into three groups: aerobic exercise (AE, n = 13), Tai Chi Chuan exercise (TE, n =15), and control (CG, n =12). Using unified Parkinson's disease rating scale Part III (UPDRS-III) scores, neuropsychological (e.g., accuracy rates [ARs] and reaction times [RTs]), and neurophysiological (e.g., event-related potential [ERP] N2 and P3 latencies and amplitudes) parameters when completing a working memory (WM) task, we evaluated the patients' clinical motor symptoms and neurocognitive performance, respectively.
Results: UPDRS-III scores were greater in the CG group following the intervention period, but they were considerably lower in the AE and TE groups as compared to baseline. In terms of neurocognitive parameters, the AE group had considerably faster RTs and larger P3 amplitudes when the WM task was administered following the intervention period, the TE group merely showed improvement in P3 amplitude, and the CG group demonstrated a significantly lower P3 amplitude. However, there was no difference in ERP N2 or AR performance between the TE and AE groups.
Conclusions: The results of the current study demonstrated the distinct advantages of Tai Chi Chuan and aerobic exercise for the motor symptoms and cognitive outcomes of Parkinson's disease patients. These results have important implications for the management of PD, particularly in the early stages, when it comes to exercise therapy.

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