伴隨氣候變遷的衝擊，威脅經濟、社會與環境系統，全球面臨淨零排放的趨勢，產生能源轉型的挑戰，期望透過再生能源的發展，降低溫室氣體的排放，減緩氣候變遷的影響。因應臺灣的環境特色，現今再生能源的發展主力之一為光電系統，一般分為地面型、屋頂型與建築整合型光電系統，其中以地面型最為普遍，但在光電區位的規劃上，考量土地利用現況或土地取得成本，光電系統容易配置在經濟價值較低，但是社會或環境價值較高的土地上，如農地或溼地，衝擊農地、溼地等生產、生態環境。此種供給導向的規劃模式，缺乏系統性的整體考量，使得再生能源開發與環境資源保護的角力，產生光電發展的綠色衝突。
由於臺灣國土面積狹小，然而光電發展需要大量土地，同時土地使用具有多元價值，如何提升土地使用效率，並在價值之間進行權衡達成公平，為光電發展如何與環境、社會共生的重要課題。因此，本研究期望解構過往光電系統的規劃模式，因應綠色衝突同時考量光電發展的經濟條件與社會、環境限制，提供跨域思考之光電用地的規劃準則，並根據目標導向或價值導向的不同情境探討效益與成本，最後經由資料包絡分析進行整合，計算光電發展的環境效率。區位評估與情境探討的成果，得以反思光電發展的目標設定與價值權衡，使得未來國土空間中光電用地的規劃，能融合環境效率的思維，進而實現淨零排放下的環境永續。

With the impact of climate change threatening the economic, social and environmental systems, the world is facing the trend of net-zero emissions, creating the challenge of energy transformation. Due to the environmental characteristics of Taiwan, one of the main forces in the development of renewable energy is the solar photovoltaic system. However, in the planning of solar photovoltaic systems location, considering the current land use and cost of acquiring land, solar photovoltaic systems are easily deployed on land with lower economic value but higher social or environmental value, such as agricultural land or wetlands, which will impact the production environment and ecological environment of agricultural land and wetlands. This supply-oriented planning model lacks systematic overall consideration, which makes the tug-of-war between the development of renewable energy and the protection of environmental resources, resulting in a green conflict in the development of solar photovoltaic systems.
Since Taiwan is a small country, the development of solar photovoltaic systems requires a large amount of land, and land use has multiple values, how to improve the efficiency of land use and balance the values to achieve fairness is an important issue. Therefore, this study aims to deconstruct the previous planning model, to address the green conflict, and to provide cross-disciplinary planning criteria by taking into account the economic conditions and the social and environmental constraints, and to explore the benefits and costs according to the goal-oriented or value-oriented scenarios, and finally to calculate the environmental efficiency by integrating them with the data envelopment analysis. The results of location assessment and scenario exploration enable us to reflect on the goal setting and value trade-offs of solar photovoltaic systems development, so that the future planning of it in the national territory can incorporate the concept of environmental efficiency, and thus realizes environmental sustainability.

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