企業身處在快速變遷的競爭環境中，如何有效管理知識資源，以提升企業經營能力、調適環境的能力及創新能力，最有效的因應之道，乃在於建立企業組織之知識管理能力，而知識管理與創新能否成功又和組織文化有密切的關係。所以企業組織在推動知識管理時，需要一個重視創新的組織文化相配合，才能發揮知識管理在企業組織中的多重效果。本研究在探討知識管理能力、組織創新對組織績效的影響，特別加入外在環境與組織文化，希望透過外在環境、組織文化、知識管理能力、組織創新與組織績效關係的探討，提供處在知識經濟時代的企業，如何有效運用知識管理，以提升組織創新，進而有助於組織績效的表現。
本研究的母體是以中華徵信所所公布的5000大企業為主要調查對象，共計發放1100份問卷，回收之有效問卷為172份，問卷之有效回收率為15.64％。
實證結果顯示：
1.外在環境與組織文化有顯著相關存在。
2.外在環境對知識管理能力有正向顯著的影響。
3.外在環境對組織創新有正向顯著的影響。
4.組織文化對知識管理能力有正向顯著的影響。
5.組織文化對組織創新有正向顯著的影響。
6.知識管理能力對組織創新有正向顯著的影響。
7.知識管理能力對組織績效有正向顯著的影響。
8.組織創新對組織績效有正向顯著的影響。
9.外在環境對組織績效有正向顯著的影響。
10.組織文化對組織績效有正向顯著的影響。

When a company is under a rapidly changing and competitive environment, it is very important for a company to know how it manages knowledge resources effectively to advance its managerial capability, the ability of accommodating environment and innovative ability. The most effective way is to build the organizational knowledge management capability. Whether knowledge management and innovation can succeed or not, this is relative to organizational culture. When an organization promotes knowledge management, it needs to coordinate with a culture which emphasizes on innovation. The innovative culture can elaborate multiple effects of knowledge management in an organization. The study is discussed the influences of knowledge management capability and organizational innovation to organizational performance. Moreover, the study is additionally examined the effect of external environment and organizational culture to organizational performance. The study is expected to discuss the relationship among external environment, organizational culture, knowledge management capability, organizational innovation and performance. The findings can provide the companies under knowledge economic era to effectively apply knowledge management to advance organizational innovation and performance.

The survey sample is based on top 5000 companies which are reported by China Credit Information Service, Ltd. We sent out 1100 mails of questionnaire survey totally and received 172 valid questionnaires (15.64%).

The research findings are shown as following:
1.The effect of external environment is significant to organizational culture.
2.The effect of external environment is positively significant to knowledge management capability.
3.The effect of external environment is positively significant to organizational innovation.
4.The effect of organizational culture is positively significant to knowledge management capability.
5.The effect of organizational culture is positively significant to organizational innovation.
6.The effect of knowledge management capability is positively significant to organizational innovation.
7. The effect of knowledge management capability is positively significant to organizational performance.
8.The effect of organizational innovation is positively significant to organizational performance.
9.The effect of external environment is positively significant to organizational performance.
10.The effect of organizational culture is positively significant to organizational performance.

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