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| 研究生： |
陳柏穎 Chen, Po-Ying |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱： |
不排水環形剪力試驗探討關廟層砂岩之剪力行為 Shearing Behavior of Kuan-Miao Sandstone under Undrained Ring Shear Test |
| 指導教授： |
李德河
Lee, Der-Her |
| 學位類別： |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱： |
工學院 - 土木工程學系 Department of Civil Engineering |
| 論文出版年： | 2006 |
| 畢業學年度： | 94 |
| 語文別： | 中文 |
| 論文頁數： | 149 |
| 中文關鍵詞： | 滑動面液化 、超額孔隙水壓 、環形剪力試驗 、直接剪力試驗 、關廟層砂岩 、剪動帶 、軟弱砂岩 |
| 外文關鍵詞： | Shear zone, Excess pore water pressure, Ring shear test, Soft sandstone, Direct shear test, Kuan-Miao sandstone, Sliding-surface Liquefaction |
| 相關次數： | 點閱：294 下載：5 |
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摘要
台灣位處西太平洋亞熱帶氣候區，雨季常受梅雨及颱風所帶來豐沛雨量的影響，其降雨的形式多為暴雨型態。同時在我國西南部軟岩區內之地層多由砂、泥(頁)岩及其互層所構成，每當豪雨時常見區內邊坡發生崩壞的災害。
由於軟岩邊坡的崩壞多屬淺層、突發性及速度快之破壞，為防止災害發生，首先應深入瞭解軟岩邊坡的破壞機制。因此本研究以軟弱的關廟層砂岩為試驗材料，在實驗室內探討快速受剪破壞下的軟弱砂岩之力學行為。ㄧ般模擬大地材料在受剪之際無法及時排出超額孔隙水壓多以快速的直接剪力試驗為之，然而直接剪力試驗儀受到儀器剪動量之限制，且無法固定剪斷面積，因此本研究將採用能提供單一方向大剪斷位移及具有固定剪斷面積功能之環形剪力試驗儀進行相關試驗。
根據試驗結果，氣乾與飽和狀態下的關廟層砂岩在環形剪力試驗所得之剪力強度參數皆小於由直接剪力試驗所求得者。¬此外，砂岩試體在連續的剪位移下，最終進入一穩定狀態，在此狀態時的剪力阻抗、試體高度與超額孔隙水壓都不再隨著剪位移的增加而明顯變化。另ㄧ方面，關廟層砂岩在飽和不排水快剪的條件下，當剪力阻抗達到尖峰強度後，砂岩試體受剪區域所形成的剪動帶開始因剪縮而激發超額孔隙水壓並使剪力阻抗大幅下降，當剪力阻抗與有效正向應力降至極低時，剪動帶上將呈現滑動面液化(Sliding-surface Liquefaction)的現象。
Abstract
Taiwan is located at the West Pacific Ocean area, and its climate is classified to be subtropical zone. Plum rain and typhoons bring plentiful rainfall significantly during the raining season. In addition, the formations located at the southwestern Taiwan are usually consisted of the interlayers of sandstone and mudstone. Thus, the weather and geologic conditions are the natural reasons to cause frequent landslides during the raining season on the southwestern Taiwan.
Most soft rock slope failure in Taiwan can be classified to be shallow, burst type and high speed failures. Understanding the failure mechanism of the soft rock slope can be essential to the disaster prevention. In this study, the mechanical behavior of the Kuan-Miao Sandstone under the rapid shear failure is investigated. The pore pressure generated under a shear displacement was usually studied by quick direct shear test. However, the limited shear displacement and the changing sheared area of the direct shear test equipments influence the shear parameters when the tests undergo large displacements. Hence, the ring shear, enabled the large displacement of specified direction and kept constant shear area, test equipment was conducted in this study.
The testing results show that smaller shear parameters come from the ring shear test than the one of the direct shear tests. Besides, all the sandstone samples demonstrate a steady state under large shear displacements. All of the shear resistance, the height of specimen, and pore water pressure has insignificant correlations with the increasing shear displacement when the specimen met the steady state. On the other hand, under the saturated, undrained conditions, the decreasing shear zone thickness of Kuan-Miao Sandstone with the increasing shear displacement, generating pore pressure, and significantly decreasing of shear resistance were observed after the shear resistance reached its peak value. When the shear resistance and the effective normal stress reduce very low level, the shear zone shows the “Sliding –surface Liquefaction” phenomenon.
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