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研究生：	江政隆 Chiang, Cheng-Lung
論文名稱：	磷酸鈣鹽類之微小化研究及應用
指導教授：	朱建平 Ju, Chien-Ping
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 材料科學及工程學系 Department of Materials Science and Engineering
論文出版年：	2005
畢業學年度：	93
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	123
中文關鍵詞：	磷灰石、骨水泥
外文關鍵詞：	apatite, bone cement
相關次數：	點閱：83 下載：4
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摘要
磷酸鈣鹽類屬於生物活性陶瓷，於具有生物可吸收性且與人類骨頭相似，所以廣泛的應用於骨頭修復以及取代的應用上。在所有的磷酸鈣鹽類中與骨頭最相似的磷灰石為碳基磷灰石，其特性為顆粒粒徑小以及溶解度高以及低結晶度。經過燒結後的磷酸鈣鹽類則以四鈣磷酸鹽最受重視，除了具生物可吸收性外，其初期硬化具高強度、可注射性、最終產物和人體骨相似均為其特點。然而現今製造四鈣磷酸鹽方式大多為固相燒結方式配合研磨獲取磷酸鈣粉末，不僅耗時費力，機械耗損及汙染問題也是需克服的條件。
本實驗為利用溼化學析出方式，添加阻斷劑分隔析出物再配合燒方式使阻斷劑氣化得到四鈣磷酸鹽粉末。在析出反應過程中所獲得的前趨物鈣磷比例接近2，經過儀器分析之後發現此磷灰石為碳基磷灰石。當添加阻斷劑於化學析出過程中時不會影響析出物之組成，並且對於燒結過後的粉末粒徑具有微小化之效果且可以提升抗壓強度。

N/A

總目錄
摘要      ................................................I
總目錄    ...............................................II
圖目錄    .............................................VIII
表目錄    ............................................. XIII
第一章    理論基礎與文獻回顧..............................1
1-1       人體硬組織:骨頭和牙齒...........................1
1-2       生醫材料........................................3
1-2-1     生醫材料的定義..................................4
1-2-2     生醫材料的分類..................................4
1-2-2-1   金屬材料........................................4
1-2-2-2   高分子材料......................................5
1-2-2-3   陶瓷材料........................................6
1-2-2-4   複合物材料......................................7
1-3       磷酸鈣鹽類簡介..................................8
1-3-1     氫氧基磷灰石....................................9
1-3-2     非晶質磷酸鈣鹽類...............................10
1-3-3     四鈣磷酸鹽.....................................11
1-4       磷酸鈣骨水泥...................................13
1-5       奈米材料製作方式回顧與簡介.....................15
1-5-1     化學析出法.....................................15
1-5-2     溶膠-凝膠法....................................17
1-5-3     水熱法.........................................19
1-6       成核結晶理論...................................21
1-6-1     成核熱力學理論.................................21
1-6-2     晶體成長.......................................22
1-7       阻斷劑.........................................23
1-8       實驗目的.......................................24
第二章    實驗方法與步驟.................................32
2-1       實驗材料簡介...................................32
2-2       新型磷酸鈣骨水泥材料研發流程...................32
2-3       尋找較小粒徑之高鈣磷比磷灰石研究...............32
2-4       磷灰石應用於骨水泥之研究.......................34
2-4-1     直接使用磷灰石製備骨水泥.......................34
2-5       觀察經由不同持溫時間對於燒結多鈣型磷灰石之影響 35
2-6       研究不同持溫時間以及不同研磨程度對於抗壓強度之
          影響...........................................35
2-7       添加阻斷劑於化學析出過程中，對於析出物之影響...36
2-8       添加阻斷劑於化學析出過程中，經由不同持溫時間燒
          結對於燒多鈣型磷灰石之影響...................36
2-9       添加阻斷劑於化學析出過程中經由不同持溫時間燒結
          後探討不同研磨程度對於抗壓強度之影響...........37
2-10      阻斷劑對於磷灰石經由不同燒溫度之影響.........38
2-11      添加氧化鈣於對實驗之骨水泥抗壓數值影響.........38
2-12      磷灰石粉末基本性質.............................39
2-12-1    X光繞射相分析..................................39
2-12-2    掃描式電子顯微鏡...............................39
2-12-3    傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜分析儀.....................40
2-12-4    穿透式電子顯微鏡...............................40
2-12-5    EDS分析........................................41
2-12-6    工作時間以及硬化時間測試.......................41
第三章    實驗結果與分析
3-1       尋找高鈣磷比之磷灰石研究.......................54
3-1-1     析出物之相分析.................................54
3-1-2     析出物之傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜分析...............54
3-1-3     析出物之EDS分析................................56
3-1-4     析出物之掃描式電子顯微鏡分析...................56
3-2       研究析出物是否可應用為骨水泥...................57
3-2-1     分別使用不同pH值硬化劑之研究...................57
3-3       觀察不同持溫時間對於燒結析出物之影響...........58
3-3-1     不同持溫時間燒結後產物之相分析.................58
3-3-2     不同持溫時間燒結後產物之傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜分
          析.............................................58
3-3-3     不同持溫時間燒結且不同研磨程度產物之掃描式電子顯  
          微鏡分析.......................................59
3-3-4     不同持溫時間燒結且不同研磨程度產物之抗壓測試...60
3-3-5     不同持溫時間燒結且不同研磨程度產物抗壓後之相分
          析.............................................61
3-3-6     不同持溫時間燒結且不同研磨程度產物抗壓之傅立葉
          轉換紅外線光譜分析.............................61
3-4       經由添加不同阻斷劑於化學析出過程中，對於不同持溫
          時間燒以及不同研磨程度對於抗壓強度的影響.....62
3-4-1     添加阻斷劑-S1..................................63
3-4-1-1   添加S1後析出物之相分析.........................63
3-4-1-2   析出物之EDS分析................................63
3-4-1-3   不同持溫時間燒結後產物之相分析.................63
3-4-1-4   不同持溫時間燒結後產物之傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜分
          析.............................................64
3-4-1-5   不同持溫時間燒結且不同研磨程度產物之掃描式電子
          顯微鏡分析.....................................66
3-4-1-6   不同持溫時間燒結且不同研磨程度產物之抗壓測試...67
3-4-1-7   不同持溫時間燒結且不同研磨程度產物經過抗壓後之
          相分析.........................................67
3-4-1-8   不同持溫時間燒結且不同研磨程度產物經過抗壓後之
          傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜分析.......................68
3-4-2     添加阻斷劑-S2..................................69
3-4-2-1   析出物之相分析.................................69
3-4-2-2   析出物之EDS分析................................70
3-4-2-3   不同持溫時間燒結後產物之相分析.................70
3-4-2-4   不同持溫時間燒結後產物之傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜分
          析.............................................71
3-4-2-5   不同持溫時間燒結且不同研磨程度產物之掃描式電子顯
          微鏡分析.......................................72
3-4-2-6   添加S2經由不同持溫時間燒結且不同研磨處理後之抗
          壓測試.........................................73
3-4-2-7   不同持溫時間燒結且不同研磨程度產物之相分析.....74
3-4-2-8   不同持溫時間燒結且不同研磨程度產物之傅立葉轉換
          紅外線光譜分析.................................74
3-5       阻斷劑對於磷灰石經由不同燒溫度之影響.........75
3-6       添加氧化鈣於對實驗之骨水泥抗壓數值影響.........76
第四章    結論..........................................113
第五章    參考文獻......................................115

                                    

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校內：2010-07-25公開
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