生醫材料的表面性質影響著生物環境與材料間之作用。用長碳鏈之硫醇分子在金表面形成之自我聚集單分子層可以當作平台來研究材料表面性質對生物反應之影響。由於負電荷的材料表面是否有助於血性相容性至今仍未定論；在之前的研究發現末端為負電荷磺酸根官能基之自我聚集單分子層有較高的血小板活性，而這可能是較高的表面官能基密度所導致。在本研究中利用混合自我聚集單分子層的技術調控負電荷磺酸根官能基在表面上的組成及分佈以改善其血液相容性。
在第一部分為將疏水、不帶電的甲基官能基(-CH3)或親水、不帶電的氫氧基官能基(-OH)與親水、負電荷磺酸根官能基(-SO3H)形成兩組不同種類的混合自我聚集單分子層。在接觸角的結果中，在-SO3H/-CH3 mixed SAMs的表面隨著溶液中末端官能基為磺酸根之烷基硫醇的莫爾分率增加，表面越來越親水；然而在-SO3H/-OH mixed SAMs的表面都是在親水的範圍。從XPS的分析中得知這兩組混合自我聚集單分子層都為“-SO3H poor”吸附行為，而這可能是因為硫醇分子末端官能基間或硫醇分子末端官能基與溶劑分子間作用的程度不同所引起。在表面界達電位的量測中，這兩組表面的電位都為負的，而且氫氧基表面電位的值與其他表面比較是最小的。在蛋白質吸附實驗中，甲基官能基表面與含有磺酸根官能基之表面都有一定程度的蛋白質吸附量，而在氫氧基表面有最少的蛋白質吸附。而在血小板吸附實驗中得知血小板吸附密度與Bovine fibrinogen和mixed protein的吸附量呈現高度的相關性；除了在氫氧基表面外，其他的表面都吸附一定程度的血小板。因此加入疏水、不帶電的甲基官能基或親水、不帶電的氫氧基官能基雖然可以調控負電荷磺酸根官能基的表面密度，但無法改善其血液相容性，這可能是因為表面帶有較高的負電位導致蛋白質的吸附，並使得之後血小板的貼附、活化。
在第二部份加入末端官能基為帶正電荷胺基(-NH2)烷基硫醇於磺酸根官能基(-SO3H)之自我聚集單分子層形成含有胺基及磺酸根官能基之混合雙電性自我聚集單分子層，除了調控磺酸根官能基之密度並中和表面的負電荷。由於溶劑的性質會影響混合自我聚集單分子層的化學性質，因此在此部份也討論溶劑的效應。在此研究中選用含10% NH4OH (v/v)的乙醇溶液與DMSO為溶劑。在XPS的分析中，用含10% NH4OH (v/v)的乙醇溶液製備之混合自我聚集單分子層為“-SO3H poor”的吸附行為；但在DMSO中製備的混合自我聚集單分子層，表面上磺酸根官能基的量都幾乎相同。而這是因為硫醇分子與溶劑分子間不同的溶解能力所造成的。而溶劑效應也會反映在表面化學性質，例如表面親疏水性與表面界達電位。在DMSO中製備的混合自我聚集單分子層與含有10% NH4OH (v/v)的乙醇溶液製備的混合自我聚集單分子層比較，在DMSO中製備的mixed SAMs更為親水而且有較小的負電位。除此之外，在DMSO中製備的混合自我聚集單分子層相較於10% NH4OH (v/v)的乙醇溶液製備的混合自我聚集單分子層有較少量的蛋白質吸附並且有較好的血液相容性。因此在製備混合雙電性自我聚集單分子層選擇適當的溶劑會影響到表面性質與生物相容性，例如可以形成趨近電中性表面，有效降低蛋白質的吸附與在之後的血小板貼附、活化。

The ineractions between the biological environment and biomaterial are greatly affected by the surface characteristics of substrate. Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) prepared by long chain alkanethiol on gold have been considerd as a good model surface to study the effects of the surface characteristics upon biologicl responses. Whether the negative charged surface can improve the blood compatibility was not clear. In our previous study the negative sulfonic acid terminated SAM has higher platelet reactivity. It was resulted from the higher surface functional group densities. Therefore in this study the technology of mixed self assembled monolayers was used to manipulate the surface densities of sulfonic acid functionality to improve its blood compatibility.
In the first part of this study, two different series of mixed SAMs prepared by lab-synthesized sulfonic acid terminated alkanethiol with hydrophobic –CH3 or hydrophilic –OH terminated one were characterized. It was noted that the surface hydrophilicity of –SO3H/-CH3 mixed SAMs was increased with the solution mole fraction of –SO3H terminated thiol. However the surfaces were all hydrophilic on the –SO3H/-OH mixed SAMs. All of these mixed SAMs were “SO3H poor”. It was caused by the different interactions among the terminal ends of alkanethiols and those among the terminal functionalities and solvent molecules. Theses mixed SAMs were negative charges on surfaces and –OH SAM has the least negative surface zeta potential. In-vitro protein adosption study indicated more fibrinogen and mixed proteins adsorbed on –CH3 SAM and the surfaces containing –SO3H functionalities than on –OH SAM. Moreover the adherent platelet densities were parallel to the amount of fibrinogen and mixed protein adsorption. Besides –OH SAM, other mixed SAMs adhered higher amount of platelets. Therefore adding the –CH3 terminated thiol (neutral, hydrophobic) and –OH terminated one (neutral, hydrophilic) to regulate the surface density of –SO3H functionality can’t effectively improve the platelet compatibility of –SO3H SAM. It might by caued by the negative surface zea potential that induce protein adsorption and subsequent platelet adhesion and activation.
In the second part of this study, the –NH2 terminated thiol (positive charge) was added to form the –SO3H and –NH2 mixed SAMs. It was not only to regulate the surface densities but also to balance the negative charges on the surfaces. The solvent effect was discussed since the chemical properties of mixed SAMs could be influenced by the nature of the solvent. The 10% (v/v) NH4OH ethanolic solution and DMSO were chosen as the solvent. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) has indicated the –SO3H/-NH2 mixed SAMs formed from 10% (v/v) NH4OH ethanolic solution were surface “-SO3H poor”, while a nearly equivalent amount of surface –SO3H functionnlaity was presented on the mixed SAMs formed from DMSO. This has resulted from the different solvent captibility between solvent molecues and the alkanethiols. Such solvent effects were also reflected in various surface properties such as surface wettability and surface zeta potential. The mixed SAMs formed form DMSO were more surface hydrophilic and less negatively surface charged than from 10% (v/v) NH4OH ethanolic solution. In addition, these mixed SAMs formed from DMSO exhibited the least amount of protein adsoption adsorbed as well as a better platelet compatibility than its counterpart from 10% (v/v) NH4OH ethanolic solution. These findings indicated that choosing a proper solvent solvent for mixed zwitterionic SAM can greatly affect its surface properties and biocompatibility such as to form a surface with near neutrality for reducing protein adsorption and subsequent platelet adhesion and activation.

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