近年來臺灣私有運具之使用加劇了溫室效應與空氣汙染，造成環境衝擊及影響到人類健康。本研究以臺灣私有運具能源面為研究對象，探討替代能源(風力發電、水力發電、太陽能發電與氫能)及傳統能源(能源火力燃煤發電、天然氣發電與汽油)生命週期碳足跡溫室氣體排放，藉此提出減排策略，評估若實施減排策略後，臺灣2030年及2050年溫室氣體及細懸浮微粒(PM2.5)是否能落實《國家自訂預期貢獻》與《溫室氣體減量及管理法》之排放規範。最後探討隨著替代能源比例提升，運用失能調整生命年(Disability Adjusted Life Year)為換算外部環境健康成本單位基礎，藉以判斷因細懸浮微粒(PM2.5)所造成的失能調整生命年，以瞭解私有運具外部環境健康成本改善幅度。
研究結果顯示，替代能源中以風能排放最低其次分別為水力發電、氫能與太陽能；傳統能源以火力燃煤發電排放最高，其次為天然氣與汽油。 2030年使用30%低排放車輛取代汽油車及使用35%替代能源與65%傳統能源，溫室氣體排放量比2005年(BAU2005)減少607.99萬公噸(約21%)。PM2.5排放量比2005年(BAU2005)減少403.72公噸(約28%)，外部環境健康成本比基礎情境(BAU2030)改善 188.79DALY (約22%)，亦及 188.79 個失能調整生命年。2050年使用60%低排放車輛取代汽油車及使用 86%替代能源與14%傳統能源，溫室氣體排放量比2005年(BAU2005)減少1804.28萬公噸(約61%)。PM2.5排放量比2005年(BAU2005)減少865.42公噸(約59%)，外部環境健康成本比基礎情境(BAU2050)改善 447.31DALY (約55%)，亦即447.31 個失能調整生命年。總結研究結果，臺灣私有運具未來若能以替代能源取代傳統能源，將能夠大幅減少臺灣全球暖化及空氣汙染，進而提升臺灣人民之健康品質。

This study examines the life cycle carbon footprint of greenhouse gases and PM2.5 emissions of alternative energies (wind power, hydropower, solar energy, and hydrogen energy) and of traditional energies (coal-fired power, natural gas, and gasoline) and proposes mitigation strategies to reduce global warming and the air pollution caused by Taiwan’s private vehicles. The study then assesses the degree to which emissions are reduced if the goals of Taiwan’s the Intended Nationally Determined Contribution and the Greenhouse Gas Reduction and Management Act mitigation strategies are met by 2030 and 2050. Finally, the study explores the external environmental health costs of the private vehicle (based on Disability-Adjusted Life Year) and the degree to which improvements occur.
Results show that wind power has the lowest level of greenhouse gas emissions and coal-fired power has the highest. The mitigation strategy for 2030 means that low-emission vehicles will replace 30% of gasoline vehicles, and using 35% of alternative energies and 65% of traditional energies; GHG emissions and PM2.5 will decrease by 6,079,900 tons and 403.72 tons compared to 2005; and external environmental health costs will improve by 188.79 DALY compared with BAU2030. In 2050, low-emissions vehicles will replace 60% of gasoline vehicles; 86% of traditional energy will replace alternative energy; GHG and PM2.5 emissions will decrease by 18,042,800 tons and 403.72 tons compared to 2005; and external environmental health costs will improve by 447.31 DALY compared with BAU2050.

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