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研究生： 李沛融
Li, Pei-Jung
論文名稱： 利用高分子複合材料開發鉛酸電池雙極板
The development of bipolar plate using polymer composites for lead-acid battery
指導教授： 羅介聰
Lo, Chieh-Tsung
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 化學工程學系
Department of Chemical Engineering
論文出版年： 2012
畢業學年度： 100
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 94
中文關鍵詞： 高分子複合材料 、奈米碳管 、表面改質
外文關鍵詞： polymer composites, carbon nanotubes, surface modification
相關次數： 點閱：77  下載：6 
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    • 本研究以ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene)和PPS (poly phenylene sulfide)為高分子基材，添加不同的碳材製成複合材料板，並測量其導電性質和機械性質。添加碳黑和奈米碳管的複合材料板導電度最高，而添加碳纖維的複合材料板機械性質最好。
    本研究亦使用了四種方法改善奈米碳管在高分子中的分佈情形。酸洗改質、馬來酸酐改質、4-氯苯甲酸改質，會對奈米碳管的表面造成破壞，造成碳管的導電性質降低。使用經過酸洗和馬來酸酐改質碳管所製成的複合材料板，機械性質都有所提升，但是複合材料版的導電性質較未改質前低。使用4-氯苯甲酸改質，導電性質和機械性質有明顯提升。本研究亦以甲苯前處理改善碳管在ABS系統中的分散情形，此改質方式對碳管表面的破壞降低很多，因此使用此法的複合材料板，其導電性質和機械性質都有所提升。此四種改質方法中，使用4-氯苯甲酸改質的複合材料板擁有最好的導電性質和機械性質。
    在充放電實驗中，複合材料板的充放電時間約為10秒，C/C0和效率都接近100%；而石墨板充放電時間約為1小時，C/C0約為0.9，效率約為0.8，經過100個循環測試後仍然沒有衰退的跡象。

    Polymer based bipolar plates were synthesized by acrylonitrile butadiene styrene(ABS) and poly phenylene sulfide(PPS) as a matrix and several kinds of carbon materials as fillers. It was obtained that polymer composites consisted of carbon black and carbon nanotubes exhibited the highest conductivity and composites with carbon fibers showed the highest mechanical properties.
    We employed four surface modification approaches on carbon nanotubes to improve the dispersion state of carbon nanotubes in polymer. The acid treatment, maleic anhydride treatment and 4-chloro benzoic acid treatment caused the distruction of tube surfaces, resulting in decreasing electrical conductivity. In acid treatment and maleic anhydride treatment, the mechanical properties of composites improved, but electrical conductivity of composites reduced when compared to the composite with pristine carbon nanotubes. Composites consisted of 4 - chloro benzoic acid treated carbon nanotubes exhibited better electrical conductivity and mechanical properties than composites with pristine carbon nanotubes. In the case of toluene pretreatment, the treated composites showed great improvement on both the electrical conductivity and mechanical properties
    In charge and discharge tests, the discharging time of polymer composites was about 10 seconds. C/C0 and efficiency were both close to 100%. In the same experiment condition, the carbon plate had about 1 hour discharging time, and C/C0 and efficiency were about 0.9 and 0.8.

    第一章 緒論 1 1.1前言 1 1.2 研究動機 2 第二章 文獻回顧 3 2.1鉛酸電池簡介 3 2.2鉛膏簡介 4 2.3 高分子複合材料板 6 2.3.1 高分子複合材料percolation現象 6 2.3.2高分子複合材料雙極板的導電性 11 2.4導電碳材 14 2.4.1石墨 14 2.4.2 碳黑 17 2.4.3 碳纖維 18 2.4.4 奈米碳管 19 第三章 實驗 21 3.1實驗架構 21 3.2實驗藥品與儀器 22 3.2.1藥品 22 3.2.2儀器 24 3.3實驗方法 25 3.3.1高分子複合板的製備 25 3.3.2 馬來酸酐改質 25 3.3.3 酸洗改質 25 3.3.4 4-氯苯甲酸改質 25 3.3.5 甲苯前處理 26 3.3.6 充放電測試 26 3.4 分析儀器 27 3.4.1 熱重分析儀 27 3.4.2 傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜儀 27 3.4.3 拉曼光譜儀 28 第四章 結果與討論 29 4.1高分子複合板的特性分析 29 4.1.1高分子複合板的導電度 29 4.1.2 高分子複合板的機械強度 37 4.2 奈米碳管的改質 50 4.2.1奈米碳管的酸催化改質 50 4.2.2馬來酸酐改質 57 4.2.3 4-氯苯甲酸改質 63 4.2.4甲苯前處理 69 4.3 高分子複合板的充放電測試 71 4.4石墨板的充放測電試 77 第五章 結論 88 參考文獻 90

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