近年隨著人事成本上升以及勞動人口高齡化等問題出現，客運業者面臨駕駛員招募困難等問題。而旅客對於公車班次頻率及準點率等服務品質滿意度較低導致搭乘意願低落，故部分縣市政府引入自駕公車營運計畫期望有所改善。但目前對於自駕公車使用意願的文獻大多針對主觀正向影響因子探討，缺乏考慮負向影響因子以及客觀屬性變數帶來的影響。因此本研究以旅客角度出發，探討正負面潛在心理變數對於旅客選擇自駕公車意圖的影響，並結合客觀屬性變數分析旅客之運具選擇行為。
潛在心理變數方面本研究以心理帳戶理論為基礎並結合創新擴散模型及感知風險模型，探討選擇自駕公車為旅客帶來的感知價值。而在客觀屬性變數部分採用個體選擇模式，並將疫情影響納入考量，分析社會經濟變數及屬性變數在一般狀況及疫情影響下，對選擇自駕公車行為的差異。再利用Hybrid選擇模式將潛在變數納入模式。
研究結果顯示，「相容性」、「相對優勢」、「感知風險」等潛在變數會顯著影選擇用自駕公車之意圖。客觀變數部分，結果發現車內外時間及旅行成本會顯著影響選擇運具選擇行為，而不論有無疫情影響，體驗過自駕公車、就學旅次和短程旅次頻率一週7次之旅客皆傾向選擇自駕公車。年齡56-64歲及南部地區之旅客則在疫情影響下會轉為傾向選擇計程車及共享單車。Hybrid結果顯示相容性、相對優勢、安全風險、保安風險對於運具選擇行為有顯著影響。最後由彈性敏感度分析結果得知車內旅行時間會顯著影響選擇自駕公車之機率。本研究之結果期望能提供給客運業者及各縣市政府引入自駕公車相關計畫時之參考。

Expected to cope with problems of traditional bus operation such as the increase of labor cost and bus accidents caused by human errors, the introduction of autonomous buses(ABs) is prevalent in plenty of countries and research on users’ intention has also been valued in recent years. Previous studies mainly focused on subjective and positive impact on intention to use ABs. However, perceived risks such as functional risk, safety risk and security risk are significant determinants on adopting autonomous driving technology but have not yet been examined in detail. The objective influence on adopting ABs such as travel cost, travel time and sociodemographic variables have also remained an unexplored issue. Therefore, this study uses mental accounting theory to examine the positive and negative latent impact on intention to use ABs, and we also establish a mode choice scenario with stated preference method to explore the influence on objective attributes and consider the influence of pandemic. Finally, we adopt hybrid choice model to estimate both latent and objective factors simultaneously. The data was collected in Taiwan, 2021 using a stated preference choice experiment. The analytical results from the hybrid choice model show that latent variables such as compatibility, relative advantage, safety risks, security risks have significant impact on mode choice behavior intention. Objective attributes like in-vehicle time, out-of-vehicle time and the travel cost also significantly affect the mode choice behavior intention. The conclusions of this study are expected to provide both theoretical contribution and practical implication for bus operators and city governments.

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