隨著都市永續發展的概念興起，可步行性和人本交通透過其對於環境、經濟和社會永續性的實踐，日益成為當代都市規劃的核心項目。都市中建成環境的規劃設計與開發，可能影響地區環境之可步行性和空氣污染現象之分布情形，導致地區之空間步行者直接或間接暴露於空氣污染中。於既有探討建成環境可步行性之國內外相關研究中，鮮少討論都市中建成環境可步行性特徵與空氣污染濃度之空間相關性和聚集現象，因此空間規劃專業對於建成環境可步行性與空污暴露情形於空間中的現象及兩者間關聯性的了解仍是模糊的。除了地區可步行性之空污暴露，區域中之人群因其面對空氣污染物之易感性和調適能力差異，影響著地區之脆弱度特質從而可能導致較嚴重的健康風險。據此，本研究之研究目的有四: (一) 瞭解細懸浮微粒分布之時空變化特徵；(二) 探討建成環境可步行性特徵與空氣污染濃度之相關性及空間關聯現象； (三) 檢視區域社經脆弱度與各樣態之空污步行區域分布情形；(四) 針對空氣污染濃度和建成環境可步行性之空間現象提出策略建議。
本研究以舊台南市為實證地區，並將研究架構分為三部分。首先，以克利金法和空間自相關分析之PM2.5濃度時空分布特性結果進行討論。其次，透過主成分分析分析建成環境可步行性組成特徵，並利用雙變數空間自相關討論空污與可步行性之建成環境特性之空間關聯特性。最後，結合地區之空污社經脆弱空間分布，掌握實證地區之空污步行環境與社經脆弱度之空間暴露情形。
根據研究結果，舊台南市內的三個PM2.5濃度高鋒時段皆具高度的空間聚集現象。空氣污染濃度與建成環境可步行性部分，顯示整體可步行性與三個空氣污染濃度高峰時段之平均濃度呈現中度正相關，且中午時段之相關性最高；建成環境可步行性特徵與空污濃度透過相關性和空間相關性分析，皆呈現顯著的低度之正向相關性，相關性由高至低依序為鄰里生活機能、商業服務水準和步行設施條件，其局部高值空間群聚地區則於區域中呈現相異的空間分布特性。研究結果顯示年齡脆弱度高之村里，約有高過三分之一之比例處於較高的建成環境可步行性地區，但伴隨相對高值之空氣污染濃度現象。
透過本研究成果，規劃者進一步掌握空氣污染與建成環境可步行性之局部時空聚散現象，以及與地區脆弱度之分布情形，可作為未來步行環境之建置或改善規劃設計與於不同空污環境暴露空間之規劃策略參考。

With the rise of the concept of urban sustainability, walkability has increasingly become a core item of urban planning through its environmental, economic, and social sustainability. The planning and design of the built environment in existing cities may simultaneously affect the walkability of the area and cause environmental exposures such as air pollution, exposing the residents of the area to air pollution. In the current domestic research, the phenomenon of walkability and air pollution exposure in space and the relationship between the two are still vague. Therefore, this study explores the spatial correlation of built-environment characteristics of walkability and air pollution concentrations in urban areas. And further explore the spatial distribution of socioeconomic vulnerability, air pollution, and walkability.

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