近數十年來，人們為了能源生產大幅提高對化石燃料的需求，同時也衍生許多的廢氣排放與環境汙染問題；包括酸雨主要成因的氮氧化物和硫氧化物、對人體健康造成嚴重威脅的懸浮微粒以及主要溫室氣體二氧化碳等。純氧燃燒是一極具發展潛力的碳捕捉與減排技術，本論文首要工作目標為設計、建造與運轉一座純氧燃燒爐。此燃燒爐可作為驗證改建既有空氣燃燒爐在純氧燃燒條件下，順利運行可行性的示範平台；並進一步深入探討純氧燃油和純氧燃煤的燃燒特性。本文詳盡陳述如何改造一座300 kWth多元燃料燃燒測試爐運行純氧燃燒的設計概念與要點，研究工作包含基礎的燃燒熱質傳遞特性以及煙道氣污染排放分析(O2, CO2, CO, NO and SO2)。主要研究成果為建立台灣首座百仟瓦等級之純氧燃燒爐，並完美示範純氧燃煤過程(煙道氣中二氧化碳濃度高達94.1%)。相較於傳統空氣燃煤，一氧化氮排放減量達66%；同時發現煙道氣中二氧化硫濃度是空氣燃煤的三倍，可有效提升燃燒後端排煙脫硫裝置的除硫效能。本研究成功驗證既有燃燒爐經改建後，不僅可在廣泛的操作條件範圍內，順暢切換運轉於空氣燃燒模式與純氧燃燒模式，且具多元燃料適用性，不論是液態燃料油或固態粉煤，皆可在不同熱負載(額定操作或降載操作)下維持穩定燃燒。

Over the past decades, the increasing fossil fuel demand for energy production has caused severe pollutant emissions, including nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides which result in acid rain, suspended particulate matter bringing serious human health problems, and carbon dioxide, identified as one of the major greenhouse gases. Oxyfuel combustion is a promising technology for carbon dioxide capture and emissions reduction. The objectives of this dissertation are to design, construct, and operate an oxyfuel combustion furnace; demonstrate the feasibility of retrofitting an existing air-fuel furnace to run smoothly under oxyfuel combustion; and investigate the combustion characteristics of oxy-oil and oxy-coal combustion in depth. This dissertation outlines the oxyfuel retrofit concept for a 300 kWth multi-fuel combustion test facility. The investigation includes heat and mass transfer as well as an analysis of the flue gas emissions (O2, CO2, CO, NO and SO2). As a result, the first hundred kW scale oxyfuel furnace in Taiwan was successfully constructed. An ultra-high purity CO2 (94.1%) was obtained in oxy-coal combustion demonstration; compared with air-coal operation, an NO emission reduction of around 66% was obtained under oxy-coal combustion; further, the concentration of SO2 in oxy-firing mode was about three times higher than that in air-firing mode. Finally, it has been verified that transitions from air-firing to oxy-firing could be smoothly achieved under broad operating ranges, with stable burning feasibly maintained for various fuel types (oil and coal) and thermal loadings (rated-loading and partial-loading).

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