本研究藉由停止訊號作業派典來探討老化對認知功能中的抑制功能所造成的影響；研究同時比較老年人與年輕人在行為和事件關聯腦電位波（event-related potentials, ERPs）上的差異。本研究操弄兩類停止訊號的停止規則於不同的作業區段：「整體停止作業」與「選擇停止作業」區段，藉此觀察抑制作業認知需求提升是否會影響老年人抑制功能的執行，而單純的「選擇反應作業」區段則用以做為比較的基準。透過行為資料比較兩組在前瞻性控制能力及回應性控制能力的差異。藉由比較含有停止訊號的作業區段（例如：「整體停止作業」與「選擇停止作業」區段）與單純的選擇反應作業區段中前進嘗試次反應時間的表現差異作為前瞻性控制能力指標，而回應性控制能力則由兩類停止作業區段之中的停止訊號嘗試次的反應時間差異來定義。結果發現老年人雖有整體反應時間變慢現象，但前瞻性控制能力並沒有出現退化現象；然而回應性控制能力卻發現老年人出現退化現象。從事件關聯腦電位波P3、N1和側邊準備腦電位波（lateralized readiness potential, LRP）的腦波振幅與其拓樸圖的結果來看，發現老年人在運作前瞻性控制功能時似乎啟動補償機制以提升其行為表現的結果，回應性控制功能雖試圖啟動補償卻無助行為表現。研究結果表示，執行停止訊號作業需要不只一種控制能力，且老年人在不同的能力上有不同程度的退化。

The participants were 24 younger adults aged 20–30 years and 24 older adults aged 61–76 years. The task blocks were choice reaction-time blocks, global stop-signal blocks (with an auditory stop signal), and selective stop-signal blocks (with valid and invalid stop signals). At the same time, 32-channel event-related potential were recorded. Older adults did not exhibit augmented Go RT differences in the choice reaction and 2 stop-signal tasks, but differences in stop-signal RT showed declined reactive control ability among them. Moreover, ERP results revealed that the older adults developed a compensatory mechanism in proactive control to elevate their behavioral results, although the same result was not applied on reactive control.

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