台灣自行研發的福爾摩沙二號衛星擁有高空間解析力(全色態影像2m)以及高時間解析力(24小時即能回到同一地區拍攝)，而本研究目的是應用福衛二號影像求定極地地區高程變化，分析資料處理流程與方法，並再應用模擬影像計算成果品質指標(包括精度、可靠度、條件數)，並分析製作冰貌高程模型過程中將會面臨到的困難與限制，並提出可行的解決辦法。

模擬極區片幅式影像資料計算成果顯示，若影像基線長從100km增加為800km，可使平面和高程精度分別提升約2m和35m，平面內可靠度值下降1，外可靠度下降1，意即基線長800km的觀測值有誤時較容易被發現，且對於未知數函數的影響較小。高程內外可靠度值分別下降約106和54；在影像數量方面，同軌兩張拍攝增加到同軌與異軌拍攝四張，可使平面和高程精度分別提升約31m和40m，平面內外可靠度值約下降3和3，高程內外可靠度值分別下降約7和4。

實際極區影像資料計算因控制點取得不易，因此使用三天的立體像對做相對性的比較。由第一天的像對作為基礎，從當中選出11個控制點以及23個檢核點，第二天應用此23個檢核點計算結果，X，Y，Z坐標的RMSD值分別為±15.57m、±8.90m以及±28.18m。而第三天同樣應用23個檢核點，X，Y，Z坐標的RMSD值分別為±46.70m、±18.90m以及±43.48m。

在極區製作冰貌模型的過程中，因為控制點不易取得，所以使用立體模型的相對套合來進行比較。雖無法計算出極區真實的體積，但也可藉此方式看出極地快速變化之情況。

FORMOSAT-2 satellite developed by Taiwan has high spatial resolution (2m panchromatic images) and high temporal resolution (revisit time interval of one day). In this study, the data process programs developed are adopted to use FORMOSAT-2 images to get polar terrain features and determine the terrain surface changes. By means of analyzing the data quality index including accuracy, reliability and conditional number, the quality of object coordinates determined by FORMOSAT-2 images is examined and analyzed. The inherent problems and limitations to the determination of accurate DSM in polar area are also discussed, and some solutions are given.

In the process of simulated frame images in the polar region, if the baseline length of images is increased from 100km to 800km, the horizontal and vertical accuracy is increased about 2m and 35m, respectively. The internal reliability value of horizontal coordinates is decreased 1m and external reliability value is decreased 1, and also, the internal and external reliability values of vertical coordinate are decreased 106 and 54, respectively. They show that the observation errors can be found more easily and they have less effect on the determination of correct function values of unknowns when the baseline length is increased. Compared to the results determined by two images taken on the same orbit, four images taken on two neighboring orbits have better accuracy with the standard deviation decrease of about 31m and 40m on horizontal and vertical coordinates, respectively. In addition, the internal and external reliability values of horizontal coordinates are decreased 3 and 3, and the internal and external reliability values of vertical coordinate are decreased 7 and 4, respectively.
In the test areas in polar region, no ground control points are available. Therefore, three stereo models are computed respectively by using stereo pairs taken on three days, where 11 and 23 points determined from the stereo pairs taken on first day are selected and used as GCPs and check points in the computations of the stereo pairs on the second and third day. The model on the second day has the RMSD on X, Y and Z with ±15.57m, ±8.90m and ±28.18m, respectively. The RMSD on X, Y and Z of the points on the model of the third day is ±46.70m, ±18.9m and ±43.48m, respectively.

Because the check points and ground control points in polar areas can not be acquired, the DSMs determined by real FORMOSAT-2 images are compared by means of relative registration of any two DSMs. Although the real volume can not be measured in the polar area, the fast-change in the terrain suface of polar region can still be detected by registration of any two DSMs determined by FORMOSAT-2 images taken on different days.

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