介白素10(interleukin-10，IL-10)經多方的研究發現，它是一種多功能的細胞激素(cytokine)，它在細胞內扮演的角色可以是抑制免疫反應，但也可以是刺激免疫反應。介白素22(interleulin-22，IL-22)是屬於IL-10家族成員之ㄧ，IL-10 的家族成員包含IL-10、介白素19(IL-19)、介白素20(IL-20)、介白素22、介白素24(IL-24)、以及介白素26(IL-26)。IL-22總共可以轉譯出179個胺基酸，在胺基酸序列上和IL-10有25% 的相似性，在二級結構上也相似於IL-10。IL-22的生理活性，目前已知的生物功能包括，引起肝臟細胞與其細胞株(HepG2)產生急性其反應物質(acute-phase reactants)，使得脾臟的腺泡細胞(acinar cell)產生脾臟炎相關的蛋白質，因此推測Il-22的功能是和發炎反應有關。為了更進ㄧ步的了解IL-22的生物功能和其它介白素交互作用，我們利用酵母菌系統表現並純化IL-22的重組蛋白，將此重組蛋白處理人類單核球細胞 (monocyte)，並分析何種細胞激素會被誘發產生。並且測試胰臟癌和氣喘病人體內血清的IL-22表現情形。實驗結果證實，IL-22使得單核球產生介白素6(IL-6)以及腫瘤壞死因子α(TNF-α)，這兩種是和發炎有關的細胞激素，且隨著IL-22處理的濃度越高，其產生的IL-6與TNF-α的量也越高(dose-dependent)。我們更進ㄧ步的想去研究，當我們同時加入IL-22和其他IL-10家族成員:IL-10和IL-19，那它們對於單核球有什麼樣的影響，結果顯示IL-22和IL-19同時處理時，IL-19會促進單核球產生IL-6和TNF-α，而IL-22和IL-10同時處理時，IL-10會完全抑制住由IL-22產生的IL-6和TNF-α。在胰臟癌和氣喘病人血清中，IL-22的表現和正常人並無差異。
嚴重急性呼吸道症候群（SARS）之致病是由冠狀病毒(coronavirus)所引發。導致嚴重急性呼吸道症候群的冠狀病毒，此病毒基因全長29,727個鹼基，有11段開放閱讀區（open reading frames），基因體結構與其他種冠狀病毒相似。
2003年三月，一變種冠狀病毒被發現並認為與嚴重急性呼吸道症候群(SARS)之發生相關。在報告中，這個病毒的基因體序列已完全解碼，同時報導此病毒基因體之特性。此病毒全長29,727個鹼基、有11段開放閱讀區（open reading frames），基因體結構與其他種冠狀病毒相似，由遺傳分類分析及序列比對顯示這個與SARS致病相關之冠狀病毒與其他已知特性之冠狀病毒並無密切關聯。SARS冠狀病毒基因體中的開放閱讀區（open reading frames）其新穎(novel) 蛋白質在生物功能上也許扮演了一個重要的角色。在許多嚴重急性呼吸道症候群（SARS）病人肺臟有淋巴細胞(lymphocytes)的浸潤現象，並且同時如介白素6、介白素8以及TNF-alpha 等的發炎性細胞激素(cytokine)都會有增高的現象。我的研究主要是去研究SARS冠狀病毒基因體中的開放閱讀區10(orf10)所轉譯出來的來的蛋白質其生物功能為何，因此首先我先將ORF10構築於適當載体上並且利用大腸桿菌系統、酵母菌表現系統、和哺乳類表現系統來表現。利用由pichia 系統表現出來的重組蛋白來加以探討生物體外的實驗(in vitro)如是否誘發肺臟細胞或著免疫細胞產生發炎細胞素(cytokine)或趨化激素(chemokine )。我們更進一步了解SARS病毒感染後所導致的免疫反應和病理機轉之間的關係，並進而研發抑制此免疫發炎細胞素(cytokine) 或趨化激素(chemokine )的抗體或新藥。我製備了ORF10的單株抗體，期望對於日後對於ORF10的研究，提供一個很有用的研究工具，甚至是有治療SARS的潛力。另ㄧ方面我也證實了，ORF10是在細胞質所表現的蛋白質。

　　Interleukin-10 is a pleiotropic immunosuppressive and immune-stimulatory cytokine. IL-22 belongs to the interleukin-10 (IL-10)family, which includes IL-10, IL-19, IL-20, IL-22, MDA-7(IL-24), and AK155 (IL-26). Interleukin-22 encodes a protein of 179 amino acids that shares 25%identify with interleukin-10, and structural similarity with IL-10. The biological activities of IL-22 known thus for are the induction of acute-phase reactants in liver and hepatoma cells as well as induction of pancreatitis-associated protein (PAP1) in pancreatic acinar cells, suggesting its role in inflammatory response .To further explore any novel biological fuction of IL-22 and the interaction of IL-22 with other cytokine and anelyze it’s biological function on monocye; we purified IL-22 recombinant proteins expressed in the yeast pichia system. I treated monocytes with IL-22 and analyzed the induced cytokines. To explore if IL-22 was also associated with pathogenesis of asthma and pancreatic cancer, we employed ELISA to analyze the serum level of IL-22 in the patients. The results demonstrated that treatment of monocytes with IL-22 induced dose-dependent production of IL-6 and TNF-α. To further study the relationships between IL-22 and other members of IL-10 family; IL-10 and IL-19, monocyte were treated with different combination of IL-10, IL-19 and IL-22. IL-22 induced the production of IL-6 and TNF-α,which was slightly enhanced by the addition of IL-19. IL-10 completely inhibited the induction of IL-6 and TNF-αby IL-22. There is no significant difference in the IL-22 serum level of asthmatic and pancreatic cancer patients compared to the normal control.
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) is a disease caused by a coronavirus. The genome of SARS-CoV containing 29,727 nucleotides in length , has 11 open reading frames. The genome organization is similar to that of other corona-viruses. Phylogenetic analyses and sequence comparison showed that SARS-CoV is not closely related to any of the previously characterized corona-viruses. The genome of SARS-CoV has several novel open reading frames that could be of biological significance. SARS patients have been shown to have serious infiltrate of lymphocytes in the lung and high level of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha. My study was aimed to study the functions of ORF-10 protein encoded by open reading frames from SARS virus genome. To this aim I constructed and expressed the ORF-10 protein in vitro in Pichia; E.coli and mammalian cells. The recombinant protein will be analyzed in vitro such as lung cells or immune cells to see if it induces any chemokine or cytokine. I also generated the monoclonal antibody against this protein to explore its therapeutic potential. I also demonstrated that ORF10 is a cytosol protein .

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