本論文第一部分主要為設計一個90奈米CMOS 90-100 GHz雙向次諧波射頻前端收發機，利用單一混頻器實現具低成本及低系統複雜度且高整合度之W-band 雙向單晶片射頻前端收發機，可應用於Gigabit毫米波無線通訊。本雙向CMOS次諧波射頻前端收發機電路包含兩個射頻收發開關、一個低雜訊放大器、一個功率放大器及一個雙向次諧波混頻器。整體射頻發射機轉換增益及3-dB頻寬分別為2.88 dB與13 GHz，2LO-RF 洩漏訊號低於 -30 dBm；射頻收發機轉換增益及3-dB頻寬分別為11.71 dB與11 GHz，3-dB頻寬內平均雜訊指數為11.4 dB。晶片整體功率消耗為245 mW，晶片面積為1.37 mm × 0.716 mm。
第二部分為研製整合自動洩漏迴波消除次系統之單天線非接觸式60-GHz毫米波CMOS都卜勒雷達人體呼吸心跳訊號感測射頻晶片。利用單晶片微處理機控制器來達到自動消除環境與系統中之洩漏迴波，以增強系統偵測靈敏度與距離，洩漏迴波自動消除程序可於一秒內完成。再加以鎊線方式聯結感測晶片及毫米波平面陣列天線降低訊號路徑上的損耗，改善整體系統性能。射頻感測晶片於自動器振動實測中，量測到的振動訊號大小比起無消除洩漏迴波情況下大約10倍以上；於人體呼吸心跳訊號實測中，最遠測試距離為120 cm (感測晶片藉由鎊線接至平面陣列天線)，可成功偵測到明顯的心跳(1 – 1.3 Hz ; 60 –78 beats/min)及呼吸(約0.35 – 0.45 Hz ; 21 –27 breaths/min)訊號，晶片整體功率消耗為243 mW。此60-GHz感測射頻晶片結合微處理機控制器提供一高整合性之設計方案可應用於遠端無線健康監控系統。

This dissertation has two parts. The first part focuses on the design, implementation and measurement of a 90-100 GHz millimeter-wave (MMW) fully-integrated bidirectional sub-harmonic RF transceiver front-end in 90-nm CMOS technology. The fully-integrated bidirectional transceiver front-end consists of two transmit-receive (T/R) switches, a low-noise amplifier (LNA), a power amplifier (PA), and a bidirectional sub-harmonic mixer. In the transmitting (Tx) mode, the RF transceiver has a maximum conversion gain of 2.88 dB at 94.1 GHz and a 3-dB bandwidth from 90 to 103 GHz. The 2LO-RF leakage is less than -30 dBm over 3-dB bandwidth. In the receiving (Rx) mode, the maximum conversion gain at 94.1 GHz is 11.71 dB and the 3-dB bandwidth is from 91 to 102 GHz. The minimum noise figure (NF) is about 11 dB at 95.1 GHz. The total dc power consumption is 245 mW. The overall chip size is 1.37 mm × 0.716 mm.
For the second part, it is devoted to develop a fully-integrated 60-GHz CMOS single-antenna vital-sign Doppler radar (VSDR) sensor chip with automatic clutter cancellation function. The automatic clutter cancellation subsystem is designed with an integrated V-band power detector (PD) and a separated microprocessor control unit (MCU). Through the output dc voltage of the power detector to which the clutter signal is fed, the MCU controls the variable gain amplifier (VGA) and the adjustable phase shifter (PS) to minimize the effect of clutter signal on the VSDR sensor. This function will enhance the detecting sensitivity and detection range. The radar chip and a planar MMW patch-array antenna are integrated by a compact bondwire interconnection. The experimental measurements show that the fast response time of the automatic clutter cancellation loop with MCU is less than 1 second. In the actuator vibrating test (0.4 and 1.2 Hz vibration), the detected vibrating waveform amplitude with good clutter cancellation is more than 10 times larger than that without it. For the human vital-signs detection test at a distance of 120 cm, the measured heartbeat and respiration frequency are around 1.1 Hz (66 beats/min) and 0.4 Hz (24 breaths/min), respectively. The presented versatile 60-GHz MMW VSDR sensor chip with MCU-controlled fast automatic clutter cancellation can be potentially incorporated into smartphone devices for the important application, such as wireless remote physiological monitoring healthcare.

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