伴隨著工業社會的興起、基礎建設不斷革新，縱然為民眾帶來生活便利性，相對地溫室氣體的過度排放，無意間加速氣候暖化導致生態環境嚴重被破壞，尤其交通運輸廢氣排放是造成環境污染主因之一，所造成的威脅性不容小覷，進而影響城市永續發展。因此，推動運輸綠能化已經成為國際間運輸部門應對氣候變遷的配套措施，加上自動駕駛創新技術的引進，有效帶來低污染高效能的新興運輸型態，落實永續運輸核心精神。
本研究以自動駕駛巴士作為主體，從現況發展觀點瞭解運輸環境潛在風險，再以綠色運輸機制導出環境永續效益之觀點，分析環境永續發展與自動駕駛巴士之關聯性及其影響因素。
本研究運用德爾菲法作為研究方法，進行二回合的專家問卷調查，探討自動駕駛巴士對環境永續效益拓展方向以及適用情境，提出對環境永續整合的改善建議與推動目標，經過分析後，得出以下結論：(1)自動駕駛巴士安全運輸環境是民眾願意搭乘的主要因素，應強化風險評估等管制作為，提供誘因向民眾推廣公共運輸理念；(2)自動駕駛巴士具有自主運作行駛的能力進行載客服務，可望節省營運成本，客運業者運用現有資源結合車隊遠端監控派遣系統，倍增運輸效益、整合公共運輸要角；(3)多型態的公共運輸服務影響城市的規劃，運輸營運者創新原有公車經營模式，將自動駕駛巴士結合新型態共乘接駁服務，不僅增益用路人的運輸需求，更展現環境永續發展；(4)自動駕駛巴士的導入，除了改變現有交通體系，亦帶動周邊運輸產業轉型等產值；要成為創新型態公共運輸系統之新典範，則需要各方政策多管齊下的助力，才能長期主導市場。

With the rise of the industrial society, the infrastructure continues to develop while the excess emission of greenhouse gases has led to the devastation of the environment. Among them, the transportation exhaust is one of the reasons that leads to environmental pollution. Hence, promoting the public transportation’s green energy becomes a supporting measure against the global climate change internationally. Besides, the introduction of the autonomous driving has effectively produced the innovative transportation model with low pollution and high efficiency to achieve the value of sustainable transportation.
Taking the autonomous bus as the research theme, this study tries to find out the potential risk of the transportation environment from the perspective of the current development. Furthermore, deriving the perspective form green transportation, this study aims to analyze the relevance between environmental sustainability and the autonomous bus and the affective factors.
This study employs Delphi Method to conduct two sets of expert questionnaire survey, exploring the directions of the autonomous bus development for environmental sustainability and the applicable contexts. The conclusion comes out as follows: (1) It is the safety that the public are willing to take the autonomous bus. Hence, the risk evaluation for control should be enhanced, and the concept of public transportation be disseminated to the public. (2) The autonomous bus can operate automatically and save the cost. The bus transportation companies may utilize their resources and integrate the main roles of public transportation. (3) The multi-mode service of public transportation may influence the urban planning. Thus, the operators should renew their current model and integrate the autonomous bus with the car-pooling service to achieve sustainability. (4) The introduction of the autonomous bus will not only change today’s traffic system but also drive related industries to transform to produce the output value. To be the new model for the new mode of public transportation, only with aids from various policies can the transportation operators lead the market in a long term.

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