新竹科學園區成立二十多年以來，已發展成為我國高科技產業聚集發展的重鎮與產業之創新研發基地，為我國最具有國際競爭力之創新與生產環境。而台南科學園區的成立則延續了新竹科學園區的成功經驗、帶動國內產業升級並平衡區域發展。儘管科學園區對我國之經濟成長與廠商發展具有高度重要性，但文獻上卻鮮少透過產業面因素、廠商面因素與政府政策面因素，來探討科學園區廠商之競爭優勢與績效來源。因此，本研究將針對我國科學園區之進駐廠商，以過去相關研究為基礎，採用生態理論、資源基礎理論以及資源互賴理論之觀點建立一整合性架構，探討產業發展、廠商創新能力、及政府科技政策，對科學園區進駐廠商之競爭優勢及績效之影響。

本研究之研究母體為新竹科學園區及台南科學園區至2003年一月止之所有進駐廠商，分別為337家與95家，合計為432家廠商。在所寄發的432份問卷中，共回收82份，扣除2份無效問卷之後，計為80份有效問卷，有效回收率為18.52%。
本研究依據問卷回收結果，進行複迴歸分析、集群分析與變異數分析等統計分析，獲得下列研究結果：
（1）產業生命週期階段不同，會使科學園區廠商之創新能力與競爭優勢有所不同，而產業群聚對於科學園區廠商之創新能力與競爭優勢具有正向的顯著影響。
（2）科學園區廠商創新能力之產品創新能力、製程創新能力與服務創新能力對於廠商競爭優勢具有正向之顯著影響。
（3）政府科技政策與廠商創新能力之交互作用對於廠商競爭優勢具有顯著之影響。
（4）產業生命週期階段不同，會使科學園區廠商之績效有所不同，而產業群聚與創新、成本、資源等優勢對於科學園區廠商之績效具有正向的顯著影響。
（5）政府科技政策與廠商競爭優勢之交互作用對於廠商績效具有顯著之影響。

In the past two decades, HsinChu Science-Based Industrial Park (HSIP) has been the key position gathering High-tech industries, and the base of innovations in Taiwan. Tainan Science-Based Industrial Park (TSIP), which extends the successful experience of HSIP, was established for promoting industrial upgrades and balancing region development. Although the significant importance of science-based industrial parks for economic growth and firm development, little has been done in the literature in examining the relationships among the industry level determinants, firm level determinants, state’s policy level determinants, competitive advantages and performance of the firms. Therefore, this study attempts to fill the gap in the literature by providing an integrative research framework through extensive literature review to identify the key determinants and to examine the relationships among these determinants, the competitive advantages and performance of firms in HISP and TSIP. Based on ecology theory, resource-based theory, and resource dependence theory, hypotheses were proposed and then examined through an empirical study.
The population in this study is all the firms of HSIP and TSIP, 337 and 95 respectively. 432 questionnaires were mailed. Of the 432 questionnaires mailed, 82 responses were received and two of them were incomplete. The remaining 80 valid and complete questionnaires were used for the quantitative analysis. It represents a useable response rate of 18.52%.
The major findings of this study include: First, the results of the regression and ANOVA analyses show support for the direct effects of industry development and firms’ innovative capability on the competitive advantage of firms in science-based industrial parks. Secondly, the results of ANOVA analyses indicate that state’s science and technology policy and firms’ innovative capability have strong interaction effects on the competitive advantage of firms in science-based industrial parks. Third, the results of the regression and ANOVA analyses show support for the direct effects of industry development and firms’ competitive advantage on the performance of firms in science-based industrial parks. Finally, the results of ANOVA analyses indicate that state’s science and technology policy and firms’ competitive advantage have strong interaction effects on the performance of firms in Science-Based industrial Parks.

美國大學研究園區協會（AURP)：http://www.aurrp.org/
國際科學園區協會（IASP)：http://www.iaspworld.org/
新竹科學園區：http://www.sipa.gov.tw/1/in7/index-in7-1.htm
台南科學園區：http://www.stsipa.gov.tw/
英國科學園區協會（UK Science Park Association)：http://www.ukspa.org.uk/

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