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研究生： 林摯言
Lin, Chih-Yen
論文名稱： 基於時間空間關係之一有效率H.264/AVC模式決策演算法
An Efficient H.264/AVC Mode Decision Algorithm Based on Temporal and Spatial Correlation
指導教授： 陳進興
Chen, Chin-Hsing
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 電機資訊學院 - 電腦與通信工程研究所
Institute of Computer & Communication Engineering
論文出版年： 2010
畢業學年度： 98
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 64
中文關鍵詞： 模式決策 、空間關係
外文關鍵詞： H.264, mode decision, spatial correlation
相關次數： 點閱：80  下載：1 
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    • 在相同的視訊品質下，H.264在編碼的效能上遠勝過MPEG-2以及MPEG-4。然而和舊有的標準相比，H.264有過高的運算複雜度問題，尤其是在做區塊大小模式決策時。因此，在這篇論文中，我們提出了演算法來改善H.264編碼器的效能。

    首先，我們利用編碼過的畫面去統計各模式出現的機率，透過統計將模式做分類以減少模式決策的計算。接著比較平均編碼率和平均邊緣錯誤率的大小來決定是否省略內部模式(Intra mode)。之後有效利用提前偵測省略模式(SKIP mode)的條件來加快模式選擇的速度，以及利用空間關係來減少位元率的增加。

    實驗結果顯示，對於JM14.0至少可以減少一半的計算量。以QCIF格式的影像來說，對於動量較小的影像，我們提出來的第一個演算法最低可減少80.664%的計算量，並且在平均上PSNR只有0.05dB的衰減，以及2.15%位元率的上升。而第二個提出的方法最少可減少78.16%的計算量，並且平均PSNR只有0.04dB的衰減，以及1.26%位元率的上升。對於動態較大的影像，我們提出來的第一個演算法最少可節省65.552%的編碼時間，並且在平均上PSNR只有0.08dB的衰減，以及3.39%位元率的上升。而第二個提出的方法最低可節省61.011%的編碼時間，並且平均PSNR只有0.07dB的衰減，以及2.09%位元率的上升。在CIF格式的影像裡，我們所提出來的演算法一樣能提高編碼的效率。關於在編碼效能上，我們的演算法只有輕微的PSNR衰減和一些位元率的增加。

    H.264 can outperform MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 in compression efficiency at the same video quality. However, it has higher computational complexity compared to the older standards, especially in variable block-size mode decision. Consequently, in this thesis we proposed two algorithms to improve the efficiency of H.264.

    First of all, we utilize the encoded frames to check statistics of the probability in each mode, and modes are classified through the statistics in order to reduce the calculation of mode decision. Secondly, the average rate are compared with average sum of boundary error to decide if skip intra mode. Afterwards, effectively take advantage of conditions of early SKIP mode detection to speedup mode selection, and use spatial correlation to decline the increment of bit-rate.

    The experimental results show the proposed algorithms could reduce at least half computation than JM14.0. For slow motion sequences in QCIF format, the first proposed algorithm reduced at least 80.664% computation with 0.05 dB PSNR loss and 2.45% total bit-rate increment on average. The second proposed algorithm reduced at least 78.16% computation with 0.04 dB PSNR loss and 1.26% total bit-rate increment on average. For fast motion in QCIF format, the first proposed algorithm saved at least 65.552% encoding time with 0.08 dB PSNR loss and 3.39% total bit-rate increment. The second proposed algorithm saved at least 61.011% encoding time with 0.07 dB PSNR loss and 2.09% total bit-rate increment. For the sequences in CIF format, our proposed algorithms also increased high coding efficiency. With regard to coding efficiency, the algorithms only bring a slight PSNR degradation and bit-rate increment.

    摘要 I Abstract III 誌謝 V Contents VI Table Captions VIII Figure Captions IX CHAPTER 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Background 1 1.2 Motivation 2 1.3 Related Works 2 1.4 Organization of this Thesis 5 CHAPTER 2 Overview of H.264/AVC encoder 6 2.1 Basic Concepts for H.264/AVC Encoder 6 2.2 H.264 Profiles and Levels 7 2.3 Basic Concepts for Intra Prediction 9 2.3.1 Luminance Prediction Modes 10 2.3.2 Luminance Prediction Modes 11 2.4 Basic Concepts for Inter Prediction 12 2.4.1 Block-Based Motion Estimation and Compensation 12 2.4.2 Multiple Reference Frames 13 2.4.3 Fractional Sample Accuracy 13 2.5 Variable Block Size Motion Compensation 16 2.6 Mode Decision with Rate Distortion Optimization 17 2.7 J. H. Kim’s Fast Block Mode Decision Algorithm 18 2.8 I. Choi’s Fast Block Mode Decision Algorithm 21 2.9 C. Grecos’ Fast Block Mode Decision Algorithm 24 CHAPTER 3 The Proposed Algorithms 28 3.1 The Kim’s algorithm with intra mode skipping 28 3.2 The First Proposed Method 33 3.2.1 An Efficient SKIP Mode Detection 34 3.2.2 Experiment of the First Proposed Method 36 3.3 The Second Proposed Method 44 CHAPTER 4 Experimental Results 47 4.1 Experiment Condition 47 4.2 Assessment 48 CHAPTER 5 Conclusion 59 References 60

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