本實驗以蛋白質體學的分析技術對餵食含50%半乳糖飼料之大白鼠進行紅血球蛋白質研究。由於餵食含半乳糖飼料之大白鼠在三週後水晶體會出現混濁的狀態，而六周後眼球已完全不透明，產生白內障的症狀。而白內障為糖尿病的眾多併發症之一，又世界衛生組織將糖化血紅蛋白佔全部血紅蛋白之比例列為檢驗糖尿病的標準之一，因此在本實驗中想藉由二維蛋白質電泳搭配串聯式質譜分析，來找出紅血球之蛋白質變化與半乳糖引起之白內障之相關性。經由二維蛋白質電泳實驗結果發現，餵食半乳糖飼料大白鼠之紅血球蛋白並未因餵食週數增加而產生趨勢性變化，但餵食半乳糖飼料不同週數之大白鼠的紅血球蛋白在二維蛋白質電泳膠片上略有一些差異性存在，又經由質譜研究分析發現紅血球蛋白會隨著餵食半乳糖之週數增加，其蛋白質上胺基酸被糖化修飾的比例也會跟增加，其中發現被糖化修飾的氨基酸為賴胺酸(Lysine)。實驗顯示出餵食半乳糖之大白鼠，其血液中的血紅蛋白被糖化的程度會隨著大白鼠之白內障症狀越嚴重而增加。而在質譜數據中除了糖化血紅蛋白外，亦發現了賴胺酸會形成最終糖化蛋白CML(Carboxymethyllysine)。另，血液生化檢查發現實驗組之血液中葡萄糖濃度比控制組低，而其他之生化檢查，如麥胺草醋酸轉胺(Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase，GOT)、麥胺丙酮酸轉胺(Glutamate pyruvate transaminase，GPT)、三酸甘油脂(Triglyceride，TG)、肌酐酸(Creatinine，Crea)、血清尿酸(Serum uric acid，SUA)、血清尿素氮(Blood urea nitrogen，BUN)、總膽固醇(T-cholesterol，T-chol)、鈉離子、鉀離子，在大部分的檢測數據中實驗組都比控制組高。顯示高劑量的半乳糖會導致代謝不正常而在短時間引發白內障的產生。

In this study, we used 2D electrophoresis followed by LC-MS/MS identification to screen the red blood proteins of galactosemic rats. The galactosemic rats are fed diet containing 50% galactose. After three weeks of galactose diets, the rats lens started to show cortical nucleus cataract. It was then further to study whether there is any correlation between the red blood protein and the changes of lens crystallins. In the 2D gel electrophoresis study, there was no obvious sign that red blood proteins changed with the fed time of galactose diets. But based on the MS/MS analysis data, it was found that the extent of the glycation increased with the lens morphological change of becoming progressive opaque. And it was also found advanced glycation end products (AGEs) of Carboxymethyllysine (CML). The blood test showed lower blood glucose content for experimental group compared to control group. Other test such Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), Glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), Triacylglyceride (TG), Creatinine (Crea), Serum uric acid( SUA), Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), Total cholesterol (T-chol), Sodium ion, and Potassium ion, the concentrations were higher for experimental rat than for control one. These results indicated that under high does galactose the metabolism malfunctioned leading to the formation of cataract in a short time feeding period of three weeks.

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