左右意識型態在政治領域扮演重要角色，對於政策制定和政治溝通具有重要意義。在歐美民主國家，左右意識型態對於政黨間的競爭、選民的投票選擇、甚至國家的政策方向，都具有極大的影響力。目前台灣相關文獻多認為，台灣民眾並不真的了解左右派的意涵、台灣民眾投票決定受到左右派意識型態的影響並不顯著、台灣的政治環境中並不存在左右派意識型態的競爭，民眾是根據對政黨的偏好來認知政黨的左右派立場。然而在2018年的大規模公投中，與一般常見的政黨傾向影響投票結果相反，反而是意識型態影響民眾在該次選舉中對政黨的投票偏好。台灣民眾或有可能是依其意識型態在表達政治態度、進行投票抉擇，意識型態確實影響著台灣民眾的行動與決定，然而，這個意識型態尚缺乏一個清楚的輪廓，且國內長久以來對於這方面的研究始終無甚重視，造成文獻上的一個斷層、闕漏。
本研究旨在探求台灣民眾是否具有左右意識型態，以及可能影響的因素為何。透過分析社會因素、價值因素及政黨認同等左右意識型態自我定位的三大組成部分之各種面向，以了解台灣民眾在政治立場和價值觀上的定位。本研究採用台灣參與世界價值觀調查第七波的次級資料，建立研究架構，將屬於社會因素的社會結構及社會認同、屬於價值因素的社會文化價值觀、經濟價值觀及民主價值觀和政黨認同納入，以相關性分析及迴歸分析方式，探討上述因素與台灣民眾左右意識型態之間的關係。
透過本研究資料分析結果顯示，台灣民眾能明確地表達自己在左右光譜上的定位（所有受訪者均做出有效的回應），其中，中間派占40.8%，認為自己偏左派者占53.3%，認為自己偏右派者僅占5.8%，顯示台灣民眾多數認為自己屬於左派意識型態。而本文同時發現，對台灣民眾左右意識型態定位會產生顯著影響的因素，則有社會結構（年齡及教育程度）、社會文化價值觀（自由與平等及認同同性戀）、經濟價值觀（認同競爭）、民主價值觀（民主重要性）及政黨認同，年長、教育程度高者，自我定位偏右；認為民主重要性越高、自由較平等重要、認同競爭、認同同性戀、政黨認同泛綠者，自我定位偏左。總結而言，本研究為台灣民眾左右意識型態的研究提供了重要的理論基礎和實證分析，將有助於未來更進一步的研究。

In the political domain, left-right ideologies play a crucial role, having profound impacts on policy-making and political communication. However, in Taiwan, existing literature generally suggests that Taiwanese citizens do not truly understand the meanings of left-right ideologies, that these ideologies do not significantly affect voting decisions, and that there is no clear ideological competition between the left and right in Taiwan’s political environment. This study aims to explore whether Taiwanese citizens possess left-right ideological orientations and the factors that influence these orientations. The study utilizes data from the seventh wave of the World Values Survey (2019) for statistical analysis.
Preliminary analysis results indicate that Taiwanese citizens can clearly express their positions on the left-right spectrum, with 40.8% identifying as centrist, 53.3% as left-leaning, and only 5.8% as right-leaning, showing that the majority of Taiwanese consider themselves to hold leftist ideologies. Further analysis reveals that factors significantly influencing the left-right ideological positioning of Taiwanese citizens include social structure (age and education level), sociocultural values (freedom and equality, and acceptance of homosexuality), economic values (endorsement of competition), democratic values (importance of democracy), and party identification.
In summary, this study provides an important theoretical foundation and empirical analysis for the study of left-right ideological orientations among Taiwanese citizens, which will contribute to more in-depth research in the future.

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