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研究生：	陳永祥 Chen, Yung-Shiang
論文名稱：	聚合酶連鎖反應晶片設計及溫度控制分析 The Analysis of Polymerase Chain Reaction Chip Design and Temperature Control
指導教授：	陳榮盛 Chen, Rong-Sheng
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 工程科學系 Department of Engineering Science
論文出版年：	2003
畢業學年度：	91
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	155
中文關鍵詞：	模糊控制、聚合酶連鎖反應晶片、ANSYS 、穩態溫度特性、均溫層、脈寬調變、動態溫度反應、田口方法
外文關鍵詞：	temperature spreader, pulse width modulation, Polymerase Chain Reaction Chip, transient temperature response, Taguchi method, fuzzy control, steady temperature distribution, ANSYS
相關次數：	點閱：117 下載：3
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本文採用ANSYS6.0有限元素分析軟體，模擬聚合酶連鎖反應晶片之穩態溫度特性及經模糊控制之動態溫度反應。
在穩能分析方面，首先分析微熱電阻絲之等效電阻率，並以實際之聚合酶連鎖反應晶片進行模型之驗證，結果相當吻合。其次，分析DNA樣本在聚合酶連鎖反應晶片中不同反應溫度均溫的情形，並加入一均溫層結構，減少DNA樣本之高低溫度差異，並提高DNA樣本有效體積百分比。
動態分析方面，首先分析不同均溫層結構對聚合酶連鎖反應晶片動態溫度響應之影響，藉由時間常數來判定動態升溫反應及到達不同反應溫度所需時間。其次，輸入功率採脈寬調變方式，並分析不同週期、佔空比及功率對動態溫度反應之影響。
最後，以田口方法針對溫度超量及安定時間兩個目標函數進行最佳化設計，將最佳化參數套用在模糊控制之歸屬函數中，且將控制邏輯導入聚合酶連鎖反應晶片之數值模型中。經分析結果得知，藉由模糊控制邏輯能效地控制聚合酶連鎖反應晶片之溫度循環。

This thesis is using the ANSYS6.0 software to analyze the steady temperature distribution and transient temperature response by fuzzy control on polymerase chain reaction chip (PCR chip).
In steady analysis, we numerically estimate the equivalent resistance that is the material property in a micro-resistor-heater. Then we verify the numerical result by comparing it with the experimental result of a prototype PCR chip, and come up a conclusion that two results are very similar. In addition, we add a temperature spreader to reduce temperature difference of the DNA sample. Sequentially, the appropriate volume rate in the DNA sample is improved.
In transient analysis, we analyze the effect of different temperature spreaders on transient temperature response for PCR chip. We apply time constant to investigate the temperature response and the required time for reaching different reaction temperatures. In this study, the pulse width modulation (PWM) is introduced to be a variable loading, and the effects of important factors, such as period, duty cycle and power, on transient temperature response are analyzed.
Taguchi method is also used to minimize the temperature overshoot and settling time. Then we apply the optical factors in fuzzy logic and combine it with the numerical model of PCR chip. Finally, we reach a conclusion that the temperature cycle of PCR chip can be controlled effectively by the fussy logic.

中文摘要.....................................................Ⅰ
英文摘要.....................................................Ⅱ
誌謝.........................................................Ⅲ
目錄.........................................................Ⅳ
表目錄.......................................................Ⅷ
圖目錄.......................................................Ⅸ
符號說明.....................................................ⅩⅧ

第一章 緒論...................................................1
1-1前言.......................................................1
1-2研究動機與目的.............................................2
1-3文獻回顧...................................................3
1-4研究方法...................................................5
1-5章節提要...................................................5

第二章 理論基礎...............................................7
2-1聚合酶連鎖反應晶片之簡介...................................7
2-1-1聚合酶連鎖反應原理.......................................7
2-1-2聚合酶連鎖反應晶片特色...................................8
2-1-3聚合酶連鎖反應晶片製程...................................8
2-2有限元素電熱理論...........................................10
2-2-1電阻值計算...............................................10
2-2-2熱傳導理論...............................................11
2-2-3熱對流理論...............................................13
2-2-4熱平衡理論...............................................14
2-2-5電－熱轉換...............................................15
2-3模糊控制理論...............................................17
2-4田口方法...................................................23
2-4-1 S/N比...................................................24
2-4-2變異分析.................................................27

第三章 模型建立與評估.........................................41
3-1模型建立...................................................41
3-1-1玻璃基材聚合脢連鎖反應晶片...............................41
3-1-2基本假設.................................................42
3-1-3邊界條件與負載...........................................42
3-2ANSYS有限元素分析軟體......................................43
3-3微熱電阻絲分析.............................................46
3-3-1電阻值分析...............................................46
3-3-2等效電阻率分析...........................................47
3-3-3模型驗證.................................................48
3-4完整模型分析...............................................49
3-4-1溫度分佈分析.............................................49
3-4-2 NDA樣本有效反應體積評估.................................51

第四章 聚合脢連鎖反應晶片性能與動態反應之評估.................66
4-1均溫層對穩態分析之影響.....................................66
4-1-1均溫層對DNA有效體積百分比之影響..........................67
4-1-2均溫層對DNA樣本高低溫差之影響............................72
4-1-3均溫層對能量消秏之影響...................................75
4-2均溫層對動態升溫速率之影響.................................78
4-3脈寬調變對動態溫度反應之影響...............................81
4-3-1脈寬調變佔空比之影響.....................................82
4-3-2脈寬調變週期之影響.......................................84
4-3-3 脈寬調變功率之影響......................................85
4-4結果評估...................................................88

第五章 模糊溫度控制參數最佳化.................................127
5-1最佳化分析方法.............................................127
5-1-1目標函數.................................................127
5-1-2選定因子及因子水準.......................................128
5-1-3品質特性.................................................129
5-2分析結果與評估.............................................129
5-2-1溫度超量.................................................129
5-2-2安定時間.................................................130
5-2-3 第二階段最佳化..........................................131
5-3最佳模糊控制參數之溫度循環控制.............................133

第六章 結論...................................................148
6-1結論.......................................................148
6-2未來研究方向...............................................151
參考文獻......................................................152

                                    

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校內：2004-07-15公開
校外：2004-07-15公開

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