本研究旨在探討臺灣年輕人口語上在摩擦音、塞擦音的聲調、母音、音節順序、語境差異和性別、成長地區、日常語言等變數對於捲舌和非捲舌音的影響，並藉由頻譜動差分析中的M1參數來研究年輕人是否能夠區別捲舌和非捲舌音的發音。本研究包含二十位研究對象，分別為十位女大學生和十位男大學生。本研究有幾項發現: (1)聲調影響捲舌和非捲舌音的發音，但捲舌音所受影響較小。(2)捲舌和非捲舌音的發音與母音的圓唇與否有顯著的關係。(3)音節順序影響捲舌和非捲舌音的發音，當非捲舌音在第二音節時，受試者的舌頭會更加平坦。(4)在不同的語境下，捲舌音和非捲舌音的捲舌程度有所不同。(5)性別在聲調、母音、語境方面皆有顯著的影響，但對音節順序影響不大。(6)成長地區對於捲舌音和非捲舌音的影響不顯著。(7)日常語言僅在母音方面有顯著性影響。未來的研究可以將不同世代的數據或是不同的普通話方言納入考量，以便進行更深入的研究分析。

This study investigates the retroflexed and non-retroflexed fricatives and affricates produced by Taiwanese college students. The variables of this study include tone, vowel, order of syllable, context, gender, growth region and everyday language. Twenty students, 10 females and 10 males, participated in the experiments. Several findings are noted as follows. First, the four tones in Mandarin influence the pronunciation of the retroflexes and non-retroflexes. Second, the roundedness of vowel affects the pronunciation of the retroflexes and non-retroflexes the most. Third, the pronunciation of the retroflexes and non-retroflexes is influenced in the different order of syllables, but the difference is subtle. Fourth, the participants paid less attention to their tongue movement when they were in a less formal environment. Fifth, gender significantly influences the pronunciation of the retroflexes and non-retroflexes in tones, vowels, contexts but not in different order of syllables. Sixth, the participants’ growth region does not seem to be an effective factor in the experiments. Seventh, everyday language only has correlation with the vowels. Further studies may conclude the data from different generations or different Mandarin dialects, such as Beijing Mandarin and see whether there are different acoustic features.

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