簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 羅馬克
Rostern, Mark
論文名稱: Abortion-Choice as it is Perceived by Some Influential Sectors within the Pro-choice and Pro-life Movements in Taiwan
Abortion-Choice as it is Perceived by Some Influential Sectors within the Pro-choice and Pro-life Movements in Taiwan
指導教授: 宋鎮照
Soong, Jenn-Jaw
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 管理學院 - 國際經營管理研究所碩士班
Institute of International Management (IIMBA--Master)
論文出版年: 2011
畢業學年度: 99
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 193
外文關鍵詞: Abortion, Crisis Pregnancy Center, Eugenic Protection Law, Eugenics, Fetal rights, Genetic Health Law, Pan-blue, Pan-green, Pro-choice, Pro-life, Republic of China, Taiwan
相關次數: 點閱:133下載:2
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • An abortion-choice categorization model is presented consisting of the pro-life position plus five distinct pro-choice types which are distinguished from each other according to their different combinations of negating any or all of the three pro-life premises: the unborn is a rights-bearing individual, homicide against a rights-bearing individual should be illegal, abortion results in homicide against a rights-bearing individual, and therefore abortion should be illegal. This model is used to categorize the different ways in which legal abortion-choice is rationalized by seven different pro-choice centers of influence within the political and prophetic (or educational) arms of Taiwan’s pro-choice movement. Findings were collected from interviews and correspondence with two pan-blue and two pan-green legislators as well as with three groups promoting abortion on demand. Six entities adhered to the type 4 pro-choice category where abortion-choice is seen as something that should generally be legal since abortion cannot infringe upon rights that the unborn should not possess. Only one pro-choice organization belonged to the fifth pro-choice type where, in addition to the unborn not being seen as rights-bearers, moral relativism was used to nullify any moral imperative against prohibiting unjust homicide. Unlike the pro-choice entities, all three pro-life entities studied held to an identical set of premises.

    ABSTRACT I ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS II TABLE OF CONTENTS III LIST OF TABLE VIII LIST OF FIGURES IX CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Research Background. 1 1.2 Research Motivation. 8 1.3 Research Structure. 10 CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW 11 2.1 Pro-Life and Pro-Choice Defined. 11 2.2 Pro-Life and Pro-Choice Adherents Share Belief in Rights but Apply Them Differently. 13 2.3 Distinguishing between Pro-Choice and Pro-Life by Argumentation. 16 2.4 Pro-Choice 1: Fully-Human, Homicide should be Illegal, No Unborn Homicide. 22 2.4.1 Abortion as Denial of Care, Motherhood without Obligation. 22 2.4.2 Abortion as Capital Punishment. 28 2.5 Pro-Choice 2: Fully-Human, Homicide should not be Illegal, Unborn Homicide. 28 2.5.1 Moral Relativism Undermines Laws Forbidding Homicide. 29 2.5.2 Abortion as Legal Murder. 30 2.5.3 Abortion as Mercy Killing. 32 2.6 Pro-Choice 3: Fully-Human, Homicide should not be Illegal, No Unborn Homicide. 33 2.7 Pro-Choice 4: Not Fully-Human, Homicide should be Illegal, No Unborn Homicide. 33 2.7.1 The Unborn are not Seen as Human Beings. 33 2.7.2 Abortion Kills a Human but Not a Person. 36 2.7.3 The Unborn are Seen as Human Non-Persons Due to the Anti-Equity Argument. 41 2.7.4 Supposed Agnosticism as Negating the Personhood of the Unborn. 47 2.8 Pro-Choice 5: Not Fully-Human, Homicide should not be Illegal, No Unborn Homicide. 51 2.9 Pro-Life and Pro-Choice Movement Branches Categorized. 51 CHAPTER THREE RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY 54 3.1 Research Design. 54 3.2 Research Methodology. 56 3.3 Limitations. 62 CHAPTER FOUR RESEARCH RESULTS FOR POLITICIANS WITHIN THE PRO-CHOICE POLITICAL ARM 65 4.1 Pan-Blue Legislator ‘Mr. A’ believes Abortion is Not Unjustified Homicide because the Unborn are Non-persons. 65 4.1.1 Unjustified Homicide should be Illegal. 66 4.1.2 Abortion does not Kill a Full-Fledged Human Person. 66 4.1.3 Analysis. 68 4.2 Pan-Blue Legislator ‘Ms. B’ Believes Abortion is Not Unjustified Homicide Because the Unborn are Non-persons. 70 4.2.1 Unjustified Homicide should be Illegal. 70 4.2.2 Abortion does not Kill a Full-Fledged Human Person. 70 4.2.3 Analysis. 71 4.3 Pan-Green Legislator ‘Ms. C’ believes Abortion is Not Unjustified Homicide Because the Unborn are Non-persons. 72 4.3.1 Unjustified Homicide should be Illegal. 73 4.3.2 Abortion does not Kill a Full-Fledged Human Person. 73 4.3.3 Analysis. 74 4.4 Pan-Green Legislator ‘Ms. D’ Believes Abortion is Not Unjustified Homicide Because the Unborn are Non-persons. 75 4.4.1 Unjustified Homicide should be Illegal. 76 4.4.2 Abortion does not Kill a Full-Fledged Human Person. 77 4.4.3 Analysis. 78 CHAPTER FIVE RESEARCH RESULTS FOR ORGANIZATIONS WITHIN THE PRO-CHOICE PROPHETIC ARM 81 5.1 The ‘Foundation of Light’ Believes Abortion is Not Unjustified Homicide Because the Unborn are Non-persons. 81 5.1.1 Unjustified Homicide should be Illegal. 82 5.1.2 Abortion does not Kill a Full-Fledged Human Person. 82 5.1.3 Analysis. 83 5.2 ‘International Missionary Organization’ Does not Believe Abortion is Unjustified Homicide because Unjustified Homicide Does not Exist. 84 5.2.1 Unjustified Homicide should not Necessarily be Illegal. 86 5.2.2 Abortion does not Kill a Full-Fledged Human Person. 88 5.2.3 Analysis. 90 5.3 ‘Taiwanese Feminist Group’ Believes Abortion is Not Unjustified Homicide Because the Unborn are Non-persons. 94 5.3.1 Unjustified Homicide should be Illegal. 95 5.3.2 Abortion does not Kill a Full-Fledged Human Person. 96 5.3.3 Analysis. 101 CHAPTER SIX RESEARCH RESULTS FOR INDIVIDUALS WITHIN THE PRO-LIFE PASTORAL ARM 103 6.1 Pro-life Pastoral Worker ‘Anna’ Believes Abortion is Unjustified Homicide Against an Unborn Person. 103 6.1.1 Findings. 103 6.1.2 Analysis. 106 6.2 Pro-life Pastoral Worker ‘Bob’ Believes Abortion is Unjustified Homicide Against an Unborn Person. 106 6.2.1 Findings. 107 6.2.2 Analysis. 108 6.3 Pro-life Pastoral Worker ‘Cindy’ Believes Abortion is Unjustified Homicide Against an Unborn Person. 108 6.3.1 Findings. 109 6.3.2 Analysis. 111 CHAPTER SEVEN CONCLUSION 112 REFERENCES 120 APPENDIX 125 A.1 Transcript of Interview with Pro-choice Pan-blue Lawmaker ‘Mr. A’. 125 A.2 Transcript of Interview with Pro-choice Pan-green Lawmaker ‘Ms. D’. 134 A.3 Written Piece by Pro-choice ‘IMO’ Leader ‘Mr. G,’ March 18, 2006. 151 A.4 Written Piece by Pro-choice ‘IMO’ Leader ‘Mr. F,’ April 10, 2006. 153 A.5 Written Piece by Pro-choice ‘IMO’ Leader ‘Mr. G,’ April 14, 2006. 154 A.6 Written Piece by Pro-choice ‘IMO’ Leader ‘Mr. F,’ June 2, 2006. 155 A.7 Transcript of Interview with ‘TFG’ Pro-choice Feminist ‘Ms. H’. 156 A.8 Transcript of Interview with Pro-life ‘CPC1’ Leader ‘Ann’. 169 A.9 Transcript of Interview with Pro-life ‘CPC2’ Leader ‘Bob’. 179 A.10 Transcript of Interview with Pro-life ‘CPC3’ Leader ‘Cindy’. 184

    Abortion. (2009). Merriam-Webster Online. Retrieved on April 23, 2011, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/abortion
    Alcorn, R. (2000). Pro-life answers to pro-choice arguments expanded & updated. Sisters, Oregon, USA: Multnomah Publishers, Inc.
    Ankerberg, J. & Weldon, J. (2003). Abortion: A biblical and theological analysis – part 7. The John Ankerberg Show. Retrieved on May 1, 2011, from: http://www.ankerberg.com/wiki/index.php/Abortion:_A_Biblical_and_Theological_Analysis-Part_7
    Beauchamp, T. L. (1991). Philosophical ethics: An introduction to moral philosophy. New York, New York, USA: McGraw-Hill.
    Beckwith, F. J. & Koukl, G. (1998). Relativism: Feet firmly planted in mid-air. Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA: Baker Books.
    Beckwith, F. J. (2003, Summer). When you come to a fork in the road, take it?: Abortion, personhood, and the jurisprudence of neutrality. Journal of Church & State, 45(3), 485-497.
    Beckwith, F. J. (2006). Defending abortion philosophically: A review of David Boonin’s a defense of abortion. Journal of Medicine and Philosophy, 31, 177-203.
    Beckwith, F. J. (2007). Defending life: A moral and legal case against abortion choice. New York, New York, USA: Cambridge University Press.
    Beutler, K. (2003). A choice for life: Student edition. Lake Forest, California, USA: Center for Bio-Ethical Reform.
    Bloom, A. (1987). The closing of the American mind. New York: Simon & Schuster.
    Boland, R. & Katzive, L. (2008). Developments in laws on induced abortion: 1998-2007. International Family Planning Perspectives, 34(3), 110-120.
    Bureau of Health Promotion, Department of Health, R.O.C. (2009). Genetic Health Law. Retrieved on April 23, 2011, from http://www.bhp.doh.gov.tw/bhpnet/English/file/ContentFile/200908180518585316/Genetic%20Health%20Law.doc
    Canadian Centre for Bio-Ethical Reform. (2008). Reforming our movement, reforming our culture: How Canadian pro-lifers can make abortion unthinkable in the 21st century. Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
    Canfield, G. F. (1881). The legal position of the American Indian. The American Law Review, 15, 21-37.
    Center for Bio-Ethical Reform. (n.d.). Challenges facing the pro-life movement: Prophetic/educational arm. Retrieved on April 23, 2011, from http://www.unmaskingchoice.ca/challenges-prophecticarm.html
    Cohen, S. A. (2009). Facts and consequences: Legality, incidence and safety of abortion worldwide. Guttmacher Policy Review, 12(4). Retrieved on month April 23, 2011, from http://www.guttmacher.org/pubs/gpr/12/4/gpr120402.html
    Corliss, C. E. (1976). Patten’s human embryology: Elements of clinical development. New York, NY, USA: McGraw-Hill.

    Cunningham, G. (n.d.). Why abortion is genocide. Center for Bio-Ethical Reform. Retrieved on May 1, 2011, from: http://www.abortionno.org/pdf/whyabortionisgenocide.pdf

    Department of Health. (2009, March). Statistical Annual Report of Medical Care, National Health Insurance, 2007.

    Directorate General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics. (2009). Statistical yearbook of the Republic of China 2008.

    Ertelt, S. (2006, June 5). Taiwan abortion rise as nation faces severe underpopulation problems. LifeNews.com. Retrieved on April 23, 2011, from http://www.lifenews.com/nat2325.html
    Eugenic Protection Law of 1984, in the version of 8 July 1998. (n.d.). Harvard School of Public Health. Retrieved on April 23, 2011, from http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/population/abortion/taiwan.abo.htm
    Forced abortions for China-Taiwan couples. (2002, July 19). CNN. Retrieved on April 23, 2011, from http://archives.cnn.com/2002/WORLD/asiapcf/east/07/19/taiwan.china.abortion
    Ganatra, B. (2007, May). Maintaining access to safe abortion and reducing sex ration imbalances in Asia. Reproductive Health Matters, 16(31), 90-98.
    Garfinkel, B., Hoberman, H., Parsons, J., & Walker, J. (1986). Stress, depression and suicide: A study of adolescents in Minnesota. St. Paul, MN, USA: University of Minnesota Extension Services.
    Government Information Office, Republic of China. (2002) Taiwan’s population distribution. Retrieved on April 23, 2011, from http://www.gio.gov.tw/taiwan-website/5-gp/yearbook/2002/chpt02-1.htm
    Graham, B. (2011). Storm warning: Whether global recession, terrorist threats, or devastating natural disasters, these ominous shadows must bring us back to the gospel. Nashville, Tennessee, USA: Thomas Nelson.
    Hanegraaff, Hank (n.d.). Annihilating Abortion Arguments. Christian Research Center. Retrieved on May 1, 2011, from: http://www.equip.org/PDF/DA375.pdf
    Hale, W. G. (1991). The HarperCollins dictionary of biology. New York, NY, USA: HarperCollins.
    Kao, T.-F. (1997, October 7). Abortion costs. Duckbill Studio Doctor Network Co., Ltd. Retrieved on April 23, 2011, from: http://www.drkao.com/1st_site/1_2/qa/qa-36-abortion-cost.htm
    Koukl, G. (1999a). Is Abortion a Holocaust? Stand to Reason. Retrieved on May 1, 2011, from http://www.str.org/site/News2?page=NewsArticle&id=5362
    Koukl, G. (1999b). Modified pro-choice. Stand to Reason. Retrieved on May 1, 2011, from http://www.str.org/site/News2?page=NewsArticle&id=5452.
    Koukl, G. (1999c). Precious unborn human persons. Los Angeles, CA, USA: Stand to Reason Press.
    Koukl, G. (2003). Unstringing the violinist. Stand to Reason. Retrieved on April 23, 2011, from http://www.str.org/site/News2?page=NewsArticle&id=5689
    Kreeft, P. (1990). Making choices: Practical wisdom for everyday moral decisions. Ann Arbor, MI, USA: Servant Books.
    Kuan, H. (2007). When Nanking massacre becomes a metaphor for abortion: The rise of antiabortion movement and why feminists need a new abortion discourse in Taiwan [Abstract]. All Academic Research. Retrieved on April 23, 2011, from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p_mla_apa_research_citation/1/7/7/1/9/p177196_index.html
    Lane, B. (2004, May). The abuse of corporate personhood. USA Today Magazine, 132(2708), 24-26.
    Lee, D. (2002, Oct. 18). Abortion statistics must be taken. Taipei Times. Retrieved on February 28, 2009, from http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/edit/archives/2002/10/15/0000175785.
    Lugosil, C. I. (2006). Conforming to the rule of law: When person and human being finally mean the same thing in fourteenth amendment jurisprudence. The Georgetown Journal of Law & Public Policy, 4(2), 361-452.
    Lugosil, C. I. (2006). If I were a corporation, I’d be a constitutional person, too. Texas Review of Law & Politics, 10(2), 427-447.
    McDonagh, E. (1996). Breaking the abortion deadlock: From choice to consent. New York: Oxford University Press, Inc.
    Ministry of Justice. (2000). Rules of procedure. Laws and Regulations of the Republic of China. Retrieved on April 23, 2011, from http://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?PCode=L0070002
    Ministry of Justice. (2010). ROC criminal code. Laws and Regulations of the Republic of China. Retrieved on April 23, 2011, from http://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?PCode=C0000001
    Moore, K. L. & Persuad, T. V. N. (2003). The developing human: Clinically oriented embryology, 7th edition. Philadelphia, PA, USA: Saunders.
    Moore, K. L. & Persuad, T. V. N. (2008). Before we were born: Essentials of embryology and birth defects, 7th edition. Philadelphia, PA, USA: Saunders
    Mosher, S. W. (2006). Fighting for life in Taiwan. Population Research Institute Review, 16(6). Retrieved on April 23, 2011, from http://www.pop.org/content/fighting-for-life-in-taiwan-1908
    Moskowitz, M. L. (2001). The haunting fetus: Abortion, sexuality and the spirit world in Taiwan. Honolulu, HI, USA: University of Hawai’i Press.
    Neusner, J. (1998, Oct.). Matters of opinion: Israel’s holocaust. Christianity Today. Retrieved on May 1, 2011, from: http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/1998/october26/8tc085.html
    Nichols gets life for Oklahoma bombing. (1998, June 4). CNN. Retrieved on February 28, 2009, from http://www.cnn.com/US/9806/04nichols.update.pm/
    O’Rahilly, R. & Muller, F. (2001). Human embryology and teratology, 3rd edition. New York: Wiley-Liss.
    Ohlin, J. D. (2004). Is the concept of the person necessary for human rights? Columbia Law Review, 15(50), 209-249.
    Paglia, C. (2008, Sept. 10). Fresh blood for the vampire. Salon.com. Retrieved on month April 23, 2011, from http://www.salon.com/opinion/paglia/2008/09/10/palin/print.html
    Paris, G. (1992). The sacrament of abortion. New York: Spring Publications.
    Piper, J. (2001). A Godword Life. Sisters, Oregon, USA: Multnomah Press, Inc.
    Record-low birth alarms leader. (2011, January 8). AFP. Retrieved on May 1, 2011, from http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5gpEUe5s9aMGlcebvSF6_dfAzYh9A?docId=CNG.345e437d3bd779b06188129babc77132.491
    Rei, W. (2004, May 27). Reproductive choices in a patriarchal legal and social institution: Sex selection in Taiwan. Presented at The Law and Society Association, Chicago, Illinois, USA. Retrieved on April 23, 2011, from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p_mla_apa_research_citation/1/1/7/1/1/p117113_index.html
    Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113 (1973). Cornell University Law School. Retrieved on April 23, 2011, from http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/historics/USSC_CR_0410_0113_ZO.html
    Rubin, H. J. & Rubin, R. S. (1995). Qualitative interviewing: The art of hearing data. Thousand Oaks, California, USA: Sage.
    Russo, J. & Russo, I. (1980). Susceptibility of the mammary gland to carcinogenesis. II. Pregnancy interruption as a risk factor in tumor incidence. American Journal of Pathology, 100(2), 500-506.
    Sadler, T. W. (2006). Langman’s medical embryology, 10th edition. Philadelphia, PA, USA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
    Sagan, C. (1997). Billions and billions: Thought on life and death at the brink of the millennium. New York, New York, USA: The Ballantine Publishing Group.
    Schwarz, S. D. & Tacelli, R. K. (1989). Abortion and some philosophers: A critical examination. Public Affairs Quarterly, 3(2), 81-98.
    Schwarz, S. D. (1990). The moral question of abortion. Chicago, Illinois, USA: Loyola University Press.
    Scott v. Stanford, 60 U.S. 393 (1857). Cornell University Law School. Retrieved on April 23, 2011, from http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/historics/USSC_CR_0060_0393_ZO.html
    Shields, J. A. (2007). The stem cell fight. Society, 44(4),18-21.
    Thomson, J. J. (1971). A defense of abortion. Journal of Philosophy and Public Affairs, 1(1), 47-66.
    Wagner, S. (2008). Common ground without compromise: 25 questions to create a dialogue on abortion. Signal Hill, CA, USA: Stand to Reason.
    Wang, P. D. & Lin, R. S. (1995). Induced abortion in Taiwan. Journal of the Royal Society of Health, 115(2), 105-108.
    Wilke, J. C. (1992). Abortion and slavery: History repeats. Cincinnati, OH, USA: Hayes Publishing Company, Inc.
    Winnipeg Child and Family Services (Northwest Area) v. G. (D.F.), 3 S.C.R. 925 (1997). Lexum. Retrieved on April 23, 2011, from http://scc.lexum.org/en/1997/1997scr3-925/1997scr3-925.html
    World Health Organization. (2006). Reproductive health indicators: Guidelines for their generation, interpretation and analysis for global monitoring. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO Press.

    下載圖示 校內:2016-08-23公開
    校外:2016-08-23公開
    QR CODE