近年來，氣候異常等現象，二氧化碳大量排放已嚴重破壞地球氣候環境，如何抑制環境持續惡化，並且有效改善地球環境已成為人人必須重視的議題。在環保意識大為高漲，在國際能源危機與永續環境之壓力下，我國政府致力推動『建築節能』與「綠建築政策」。本研究整合能源局2011 公告的燃料與電力使用二氧化碳排放係數，並相較調整建材二氧化碳之單元係數資料庫，作為結構體工程日後綠建築設計之依據。

從文獻可發現，在建築物各部位二氧化碳排放量比例關係中，主結構體工程占整體比例79.77％，所以本研究針對其占最多的建築物工程，在綜合生命週期的評估觀念，將建築物的生命週期區分為建材生產、建材運輸、更新修繕、建築物拆除與廢棄物處理，本研究針對等五大項提供廠房建築碳排放量試算分析比較。

參考建築材料與建築設備分類系統【C01】之分類，經編碼分類將建築物主要分為三個層面為建築要素、建築構型、建築材料。並將其統計主結構體主要建築材料用量，依台灣現有相關統計資料庫進行工料碳排放量分析，並選擇合適的模式，計算其單元二氧化碳排放量分析。以2006 年至2011 年間之廠房建築最為探討對象，並以UematRCu & IRCyumov (1999)將低矮結構物的定義訂為：建築物寬度大於兩倍的屋簷高度，且屋簷高度小於30 m 的6 層以下之建築物為篩選條件。

經案例的調查中發現，低層廠房建築在樓層的碳排放量曲線為平穩成長，在平面形狀不規則時，因集中應力的關係，造成周邊樓板需增厚補強鋼筋，過於狹長的建築物在地震由於兩邊地震波的輸入也會有位相差，容易產生不規則震動產生較大的震害。長寬比設計差距間格太大，除了耗材且體型細數也越大，耗熱量比值也越大，因此我們建議在鋼樑的跨度應小於8m 以下，長寬比應該於4 以下，造型盡量方正規矩，立面造型減少不必要的誇張設計形式。

SUMMARY

The future of a low-carbon city relies on the development of the low-carbon footprint green buildings. This research study will base on the data gathered from building material consumed energy statistics, the carbon dioxide emission coefficient of burning the fuel, the electric power usage in 2011 (data obtained from United States Energy Bureau), and adjusted unit coefficient information from structural building materials’ dioxide emissions computation.

Key words: factory, life cycle assessment, carbon emissions

INTRODUCTION

The carbon dioxide emission has seriously destructed climate and environment on Earth, leading to abnormal weather and other effects at recent years. It has come to an essential issue of how we human being shall control the damage and efficiently improve the living on Earth. With the strong sense of environmental protection, and under the pressure of international energy crisis and sustainable environment development needs, our government emphasizes on promoting "Energy-Saving Architecture" and "Green Buildings Policy".

This research concluded the figures of 2011 official fuel and electricity Carbon Dioxide emission figures from the National Energy Department, compare and adjust the database of construction materials CO2 emission records, which in order to provide reference of infrastructure construction in future Green Buildings Design.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

From the document record, you shall find that the main structure took 79.77% of Carbon Dioxide emission amount comparing with other parts of the construction, which indicated the reason of our research focusing on projects which are overwhelmed by main structure. When life cycle assessment on the reduction reduction of carbon dioxide emission of buildings, it is divided into various periods: includes materials manufacturing; materials transportation; construction; repair, reform and demolition, and waste treatment.

This research concentrated on five major comparisons and analysis on a LCA method for CO2 emissions of buildings.With building construction system for construction materials and facilities, buildings are sorted by codes and mainly divided into three layers: architectural elements; architectural Composition; and architectural materials.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Additionally this paper will also cover the analysis scope of low-rise building, low-middle rise building, mid-high rise building, high-rise building and skyscrapers. The goal is to discover essential factor of the different scale structure influenced by emitting carbon quantity, and then discovers optimization scope of the different structure unit, provides the designer with reference to the low-carbon structure unit.

From building management perspective, building production system structure can be classified by structure unit, building material type, building material emission and equipment emission. Cross reference analysis can be made between the main structure’s module of dioxide emissions quantity across different scale structural unit.

The summary of used construction materials amount in main building structure has been analyzed of its materials Carbon Dioxide emission level according to current Taiwan survey database. Cross reference analysis can be made between the main structure’s module of dioxide emissions quantity across different scale structural unit.

The two main aspects of the life cycle discussion are the newly made building materials and the recycling building materials that carry the diverseness capacity of environment. Research had shown that the reuse and remake of building materials will effective improve the carry diverseness capacity of environment in the future. Additionally, the constructions bring up external force on the structure system that regulates the platform as well as the ratio between length and breadth as well as height and breadth. The job method and the material selection will heavily impact the countermeasure of the dioxide decrement.

CONCLUSION

Investigation on particular cases has shown that Low Rise Factory would have steady growth on the carbon emissions curve. If the building contains irregular surface, reinforcement will be required on the local stress concentration. Transmission of earthquake wave for narrow and long buildings will deviate from two sides, which leads to a more disastrous effect under irregular earthquake.

Distance between partitions is too large in long , shape coefficient of building and wide structure design, which leads to materials wastage and higher heat consumption. Therefore we recommend the span length of the steel girder to be less than 8m, and aspect ratio 4 or less. Model scale shall maintain upright and square. In elevation, the construction shall avoid unnecessary or exaggerated design.

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