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研究生: 張慕歆
Chang, Mu-Hsin
論文名稱: 將緊湊閃爍體陣列探測器安裝於漢翔ASTRA飛機上進行台灣環島宇宙射線量測
Measurement of Cosmic Ray Distributions around Taiwan using ComSAD onboard AIDC's ASTRA aircraft
指導教授: 楊毅
Yang, Yi
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 理學院 - 物理學系
Department of Physics
論文出版年: 2023
畢業學年度: 111
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 89
中文關鍵詞: 宇宙射線閃爍體探空火箭酬載
外文關鍵詞: Cosmic rays, Scintillator, Sounding rocket, Payload
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  • 自然界中尚有許多未解之謎,經由測量宇宙射線可以使我們對宇宙有更深的認知。因此我們研發了一個有量測通量、方向、以及宇宙射線能量的能力的小型宇宙射線探測器-緊湊閃爍體陣列探測器(Compact Scintillator Array Detector, ComSAD)。透過安裝於探空火箭上,使其可以達到比氣球實驗更高的高度,以彌補地表及太空之間宇宙射線探測的空缺。
    在探空火箭任務之前,我們與漢翔航空公司 (AIDC) 和國家太空中心 (TASA) 合作,將ComSAD探測器放置於漢翔航空公司的ASTRA飛機上進行取數。為此,我們對ComSAD設計了一個酬載,具有獨立的供電系統並能即時儲存資料的功能。透過位置資訊,我們對飛機行經的海拔高度及區域所收集到的資料進行分析。另外,在2022年11月8日,成大團隊於屏東旭海發射場進行火箭試射,上面搭載了ComSAD探測器測試是否能於任務中正常運作,並分析宇宙射線通量隨海拔高度的變化。
    在論文中,我會展示ComSAD在ASTRA飛機上經過五次飛試取數以及火箭飛試時取數的結果。

    There are many unanswered questions in Nature, and measuring cosmic rays can provide us with a deeper understanding of the Universe. Therefore, we developed a small cosmic ray detector that can measure the flux, direction, and energy of cosmic rays, named Compact Scintillator Array Detector (ComSAD). By equipping it on a sounding rocket, which can reach higher altitudes than balloon experiments, the measurements can fill the gap between cosmic ray detection on the surface and in space.
    Prior to the sounding rocket mission, we collaborated with the Aerospace Industrial Development (AIDC) and Taiwan Space Agency (TASA) to install the ComSAD onboard the ASTRA plane of AIDC for data acquisition. For this purpose, we designed a payload for the ComSAD with an independent power supply system and real-time data storage function. With the location information, we analyzed the data collected on the altitude and area that ASTRA traveled through.
    On November 8, 2022, the National Cheng Kung University team conducted a test launch of the rocket at the Pingtung, Xu-Hai launch site with ComSAD onboard to test its function during the mission and to analyze the variation of cosmic ray flux with altitude. In the thesis, I will show the results of the ComSAD on the ASTRA plane for five flights and the hybrid rocket mission.

    Abstract in Chinese i Abstract in English ii Acknowledgments iii Contents iv List of Tables vii List of Figures viii 1 Introduction 1 2 Cosmic Rays 3 2.1 Properties of Cosmic Rays 3 2.2 Cosmic Rays in Atmosphere 5 2.3 Cosmic Rays and Weathe 7 2.4 Method of studying Cosmic Rays 9 3 Experiment Apparatus 11 3.1 ComSAD 11 3.1.1 Structure of ComSAD 11 3.1.2 ComSAD-Lite 14 3.2 Portable ComSAD on ASTRA plane 17 3.3 Noise test 21 3.3.1 Photon leakage 22 3.3.2 Crosstalks or internal source 26 4 Analysis method 29 4.1 Method for reconstructing cosmic rays 29 4.1.1 Definition of the number of coincidences 29 4.1.2 Definition of the coordinate and obtaining a vector 30 4.1.3 Shift and rotate the vector 32 4.1.4 Best path judgment 34 4.2 Testing the method 35 4.2.1 GEANT4 35 4.2.2 The simulation setup 35 4.2.3 Results from the simulation 37 4.2.4 The polar histogram 42 5 Results of the ASTRA flight tests 43 5.1 Information of each flight 43 5.1.1 Flight paths 44 5.2 Results of ASTRA test 54 5.2.1 Cosmic rays and altitude 54 5.2.2 Cosmic rays and regions 58 5.2.3 Angular distributions 65 5.3 Cosmic rays, Weather, and Solar Activity 70 5.3.1 Cloud Coverage 70 5.3.2 Rainfall, Relative Humidity, and Lightning 75 5.3.3 Sunspot number 75 6 Hybrid rocket test 80 6.1 ComSAD-Lite on sounding rocket 80 6.2 Result 83 7 Conclusion and Future Work 86 References 87

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