蛇紋岩是本省礦產資源中僅次於大理石，儲量居第二位的非金屬礦產資源，儲量達20億噸，近幾年年產量約為10萬公噸，主要作為鋼鐵工業助熔劑之用。堇青石(2MgO•2Al2O3•5SiO2) 是一種重要的陶瓷材料，因具有低熱膨脹係數、低介電係數、高電阻係數，在工業上的用途非常廣泛，近年更是電子工業上一個極具潛力的材料。本研究將提純之蛇紋岩與雲母粉混合，以固態反應方式，合成堇青石，並進一步製備陶瓷體，測試其熱膨脹性質。
　　結果顯示，蛇紋岩與雲母粉混合，在1300℃以上持溫2 hr，可合成堇青石。塊狀蛇紋岩所合成之堇青石粉末，在1250℃燒結4 hr以上可達到90%理論密度，在1250℃持溫6 hr時，熱膨脹係數為1.05x10-6。

Serpentine is the second largest industrial mineral in Taiwan, R.O.C., with a reserve of about 2 billions, which is only less than that of marble. In recent years, the annual output is about 100,000 tons, mainly used as a flux in the iron and steel industry. Cordierite is an important ceramic material and widely used in industry for its low thermal expansion coefficient, low dielectric constant, and high electric resistivity. Cordierite is regarded as a great potential material in electronic industry. In this study, serpentine and mica were mixed at appropriate proportions and were subjected by solid state reaction to synthesize cordierite. The ceramics were prepared from the synthesized powders, and their thermal properties were measured.
The results show that cordierite can be synthesized from serpentinite and mica at temperatures above 1300℃ and retention time 2 hr.
Cordierite ceramics were prepared at 1250℃ for 6 hr. The theoretical density is 90% , and the thermal expansion coefficient is about 1.05x10-6 .

[1] Tan, L and H. Chuay, "Serpentinite of the Fengtien–Wanyung area, Hualien, Taiwan," Acta Geologica Taiwan, pp. 52-68, 1979.
[2] 陳其瑞及曾保忠，花蓮縣萬榮地區蛇紋岩調查研究報告，臺灣省礦務局，台北市，民國79年。
[3] 陳其瑞，“東部石礦資源及礦業，”礦業技術，28卷，民國79年。
[4] 譚立平及闕河淵，A mineralogical and geochemical study of the talc deposits in the Fengtien-Hsilin area, Hualien, Taiwan ，國立臺灣大學地質學硏究所碩士論文，民國68年。
[5] 魏稽生及譚立平，臺灣非金屬經濟礦物，經濟部中央地質調查所編印，民國88年12月。
[6] 經濟部礦務局網站：http://www.mine.gov.tw/
[7] 溫紹炳，雷大同及黃紀嚴，台灣片狀矽酸鹽礦物之利用開發， 經濟部礦業司，民國89年12月。
[8] 魏稽生，向陽礦業專業區規劃開發計畫報告，經濟部礦務局，1995。
[9] Google地圖︰http://maps.google.com.tw/
[10] 陳其瑞，臺東縣向陽雲母礦成因之初步研究，經濟部中央地質調查所特刊3號，1984。
[11] 陳正宏，台灣的火成岩，中央地質調查所出版，p.137 , 1990
[12] Klein, C. and C. S. Hurlbut, Manual of mineralogy, 22nd ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2002.
[13] 醫學百科網站:http://cht.a-hospital.com/
[14] Kostov, I., Mineralogy , Oliver and Boyd, 1968.
[15] Smykatz-Kloss, W., Differential thermal analysis : application and results in mineralogy, Springer-Verlag, 1974.
[16] 賴方羚，以蛇紋岩製備堇青石、亞藍寶石粉末及其陶瓷體之研究，國立成功大學資源工程學系碩士論文，2012年。
[17] Phase Diagrams for Ceramists, vol. 1, The American Ceramic Society, Inc., 1964.
[18] 王光明，氧化物/層狀矽酸鹽之構造、特性、鑑定、反應、生成及用途，國立編譯館，2009。
[19] 台灣大百科全書︰http://taiwanpedia.culture.tw/web/index
[20] 王光明，土壤環境礦物學，藝軒圖書出版社，2000。
[21] Klein, C. and C.S. Hurlbut, Jr., Manual of mineralogy, Revised 21th ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1999.
[22] Schreyer, and F. Seifert, "High-Pressure Phases in the System MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O," American Journal of Science, vol. 267-A, pp. 407-443, 1969.
[23] Hall, C., 寳石圖鑑, 貓頭鷹出版社, p.112, (1996).
[24] Hummel, F. A. and H. W. Reid, “Thermal Expansion of Some Glasses in the System MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 ,” Division of Ceramics, Pennsylvania, pp.319-321, 1951.
[25] Karkhanavala, M. D. and F. A. Hummel, "Reactions in the System Li2O–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2: I, The Cordierite-Spodumene Join," Journal of the American Ceramic Society, vol. 36, pp. 393-397, 1953.
[26] 鄭武輝等譯，工業陶瓷，徐式基金會出版社，1985年。
[27] Putnis, A. Introduction to Mineral Sciences, Cambridge University Press, 1992.
[28] Evans, D. L., G. R. FISCHER., F. W. MARTIN and J. E. GEIGER, “Thermal Expansions and Chemical Modifications of Cordierite,” Journal of the American Ceramic Society, vol. 63, no. 11-12, pp. 629-634, 1980.
[29] Klein, C. and B. Dutrow, Mineral Science, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008.
[30] Glendenning, M. D. and W. E. Lee, "Microstructural Development on Crystallizing Hot‐Pressed Pellets of Cordierite Melt‐derived Glass Containing B2O3 and P2O5," Journal of the American Ceramic Society, vol. 79, pp. 705-713, 1996.
[31] Karkhanavala, M. and F. Hummel, "The polymorphism of cordierite," Journal of the American Ceramic Society, vol. 36, pp. 389-392, 1953.
[32] Moulson, A. J., Electroceramics : materials, properties, applications. London, New York, Chapman and Hall, 1990.
[33] Van Vlack, L. H., Physical ceramics for engineers, Addison Wesley Publishing Company, 1964.
[34] Acimovic, Z., L. Pavlovic, L. Trumbulovic, L. Andric and M. Stamatovic, "Synthesis and characterization of the cordierite ceramics from nonstandard raw materials for application in foundry," Materials Letters, vol. 57, pp. 2651-2656, 2003.
[35] Malachevsky, M. T., J. E. Fiscina and D. A. Esparza, "Preparation of Synthetic Cordierite by Solid‐State Reaction via Bismuth Oxide Flux," Journal of the American Ceramic Society, vol. 84, pp. 1575-1577, 2001.
[36] 林禎堂，陳立軒及傅勝利，堇青石玻璃粉粒大小對基板燒結之影響，義守大學學報，pp. 69-84，民國86年。
[37] Lachman, M. R., D. Bagley, and R. M. Lewis, “Thermal Expansion of Extruded Cordierite Ceramic,” Ceramic Bulletin, vol. 60,No. 2, pp.202-205,1981.
[38] 坂野久夫，新陶瓷學(New Ceramics)，台南复文書局,第九章 ，pp.119-123，1992.
[39] 潘忠祥，粉末燒結堇青石玻璃陶瓷晶相及性質之研究， 國立成功大學礦冶及材料科學研究所碩士論文， pp.2-6，1992.
[40] González-Velasco, J. R., R. Ferret, R. López-Fonseca and M. A. Gutiérrez-Ortiz, "Influence of particle size distribution of precursor oxides on the synthesis of cordierite by solid-state reaction," Powder Technology, vol. 153, pp. 34-42, 2005.
[41] Goren, R., C. Ozgur and H. Gocmez, "The preparation of cordierite from talc, fly ash, fused silica and alumina mixtures," Ceramics International, vol. 32, pp. 53-56, 2006.
[42] Kobayashi, Y., K. Sumi and E. Kato, "Preparation of dense cordierite ceramics from magnesium compounds and kaolinite without additives," Ceramics International, vol. 26, pp. 739-743, 2000.
[43] Ogiwara, T., Y. Noda and O. Kimura, "Fabrication of high density cordierite ceramics using a coal fly ash," Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan, vol. 118, pp. 231-235, 2010.
[44] Ogiwara, T., Y. Noda, K. Shoji and O. Kimura, "Solid state synthesis and its characterization of high density cordierite ceramics using fine oxide powders," Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan, vol. 118, pp. 246-249, 2010.
[45] Sampathkumar, N., A. Umarji and B. Chandrasekhar, "Synthesis of [alpha]-cordierite (indialite) from flyash," Materials research bulletin, vol. 30, pp. 1107-1114, 1995.
[46] Banjuraizah, J., H. Mohamad and Z. A. Ahmad, "Crystal structure of single phase and low sintering temperature of α-cordierite synthesized from talc and kaolin," Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 482, pp. 429-436, 2009.
[47] Torres, F. J. and J. Alarcón, "Effect of additives on the crystallization of cordierite-based glass-ceramics as glazes for floor tiles," Journal of the European Ceramic Society, vol. 23, pp. 817-826, 2003.
[48] Naskar, M. K. and M. Chatterjee, "A novel process for the synthesis of cordierite (Mg2Al4Si5O18) powders from rice husk ash and other sources of silica and their comparative study," Journal of the European Ceramic Society, vol. 24, pp. 3499-3508, 2004.
[49] 魏炯權，電子陶瓷材料，初版，臺北市，全華，民國93年。
[50] Shi, Z., K. Liang and S. Gu, "Effects of CeO2 on phase transformation towards cordierite in MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 system," Materials Letters, vol. 51, pp. 68-72, 2001.
[51] 張君偉，水洗前處理與添加劑對都市垃圾焚化飛灰燒結特性的影響，國立中央大學環境工程研究所碩士論文，民國89年
[52] 汪建民等「陶瓷技術手冊」，中華民國粉末冶金協會，1994。
[53] Coble, R. L., "Sintering Crystalline Solids. I. Intermediate and Final State Diffusion Models," Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 32, pp. 787-792, 1961.
[54] Ashby, M. F., "A first report on sintering diagrams," Acta Metallurgica, vol. 22, pp. 275-289, 1974.
[55] Kingery, W. D. and M. D. Marasimham, “Densification during Sintering presence of a liquid phase, ”J. Apply. Phys., vol.31, pp.307, 1959.
[56] German, R. M., Liquid phase Sintering, Plenum Press Inc, pp.6-8, 1985.
[57] 張裕昀，製備堇青石與氮化鋁複合材料之燒結性質研究，國立成功大學資源工程研究所碩士論文，民國97年。
[58] Sei, T., K. Eto and T. Tsuchiya, “The Role of Boron in Low temperature Synthesis of Indialite (α-Cordierite) by Sol-gel Process,” Journal of Materials Science, vol.32, pp. 3013-3019, 1997.
[59] Oh, J. T., P. Hing, and H. S. Fong, “Effect of sintering temperature mismatch on the diffusivity of cordierite–AlN composite,”J. Mater. Pro. Tech., vol.89-90, pp. 497–500, 1999.
[60] Chen, G. H. and Xin–yu Liu, “Influence of AlN addition on thermal and mechanical properties of cordierite – based glass/ceramic composites,” J. Mater. Pro. Tech., 190, 77–80, 2007.
[61] Oh, J. T., P. Hing, H. S. Fong, S.F. Chin and C. L. Zeng, “The processing of cordierite glasses containing AlN,” J. Mater. Pro. Tech., vol.63, pp. 851-854, 1997.
[62] 李雨柔，藍色群青之合成研究，國立成功大學資源工程研究所碩士論文，民國101年。
[63] Dejia, L., Z. Lihgke, L. Yanchun, S. Anze, W. Hui, C. Xiaosu and L. Pingan, “Way to decrease the expansion coefficient of cordierite used in honeycomb ceramics,” China Ceramics, vol.44, no.3, 2008.