鋰電池(lithium-ion batteries)中，鋰離子扮演攜帶以及釋放電子的腳色。而電極材料則決定能容納於電池內的鋰離子數量，換言之就是電容量的大小決定於電極材料。鋰離子在正負極間進行轉換(conversion)，嵌入(intercalation)和合金化(alloyed)反應以完成充電和放電。
矽擁有著極高的電容量~3580mAh/g，是時下市面上通用的鋰電池負極材料石墨(graphite) 的電容量372mAh/g 的9倍，但在矽電極高電容量的優點下，卻有著高膨脹率~300%和電池壽命不佳的問題。奈米化後的矽粉中可大幅減少因膨脹而破裂、脫落於電極表面的情況，可延長電池壽命。但是奈米粉材的比表面積極大，於電極表面更容易與電解液起反應生成大量固態電解質介面層(solid electrolyte interphase)，進而造成鋰離子的損失。本實驗以奈米矽粉(silicon)表面改質為主軸，使用陽離子交換法和類溶膠凝膠法預鍍矽酸鋰做為人造SEI於奈米矽粉表面上。
預鍍矽酸鋰人造SEI之奈米矽粉相較於未處理奈米矽粉有較高的庫倫效率和平穩的充放電曲線，在不同循環速率(C-rate)下的200圈充放電循環後有較高的容量保留率。藉由分析充放電前後電極極片之SEM橫截面與XPS表面組成分析，可知矽酸鋰鍍膜有助於抑制SEI的生成。透過LSV和CV分析，可得知矽酸鋰鍍膜後奈米矽粉的SEI生成的化學反應電位的峰值下降且不像原生矽粉有好幾個反應電位，其鋰離子傳遞的動力學障礙也較原生矽粉為低。EIS分析則發現矽酸鋰鍍膜之奈米矽粉中的SEI膜會更快達到穩定且有較好的導電率和導離率。

In this research, lithium silicate is employed as an artificial solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) to suppress silicon from pulverization and native SEI formation, due to the better ionic conductivity and mechanical strength comparing to native SEI. Lithium silicate of 3 wt% or 5 wt% is coated on nano-Si particles using ion exchange method followed by anneal in vacuum at 850℃ for 4hr to synthesize anode material. From the coin cells results, the 3wt% and 5wt% lithium silicate coated nano-Si anodes exhibit enhanced coulombic efficiency at first cycle, which reaches 99% and 99.5% in fewer cycles when compared to the pristine one. Moreover, lithium silicate coated nano-silicon anode exhibits better life cycle performance and capacity retention rate at both 0.2C and 0.5C. The electrochemical tests, cyclic voltammetry and electrical impedance spectroscopy provides the evidence of lithium silicate in protecting silicon anode and reducing SEI forming. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of the nano-Si anodes after cycling indicates LiF, one component of native SEI, becomes less or extinct when coated with lithium silicate. The results confirm that lithium silicate could act as an effective chemical and physical artificial SEI layer secured to avoid continuously consuming Li ions.

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