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研究生: 陳暉長
Chen, Hwe-Zhong
論文名稱: 電子封裝模具以黏著力作為設計參數之可行性研究
Feasibility of Using Adhesion Force as a Parameter for IC Package Mold Design
指導教授: 李輝煌
Lee, Huei-Huang
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 工程科學系
Department of Engineering Science
論文出版年: 2006
畢業學年度: 94
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 223
中文關鍵詞: 退冰時間模具表面鍍層黏著效應封膠材料IC封裝
外文關鍵詞: Mold surface coating, EMC, IC packaging, Defrosting period, Adhesion effects
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  • 在電子IC封裝製程中,封膠材料(EMC;Epoxy Molding Compound)在熟化成型過程中會與IC封裝模具表面產生黏著的現象,稱為黏著效應(Adhesion Effects),而此黏著效應會造成IC成品在脫模過程的黏模現象,影響產品的品質與可靠度,甚至可能會破壞產品,導致封膠失敗、生產良率降低等結果。所以如何在不影響現有模具設計的前題下,能夠藉由適當的表面處理以及鍍膜選擇,來有效降低黏著效應的影響,而改善封裝生產線產能,是目前產業界及研究單位所重視的主題。
    本研究將利用本實驗室所發展完成的黏著強度量測技術與黏模力檢測設備,配合一組最佳製程條件,以黏著力作為設計參數,針對九種不同的模具表面鍍層進行一系列的正向與剪向黏模力測試,找出最有效的鍍層,並得知黏模力的大小,且進行確認實驗以比較其結果,檢測實驗結果的重現性與準確性,看看若以黏著力作為設計參數對封裝模具而言是否可行。
    同時,本論文也將利用此組最佳製程參數進行幾百模次的長時效連續實驗,觀察黏模力的變化趨勢,並找出最適當的清模時機,以及了解造成黏模力增大的原因,才能確實掌握清模時機,縮短清模次數與清模時間,進而增加產能,減少因黏著效應所產生的不良影響。
    本論文的研究重點還有探討封膠材料EMC在不同的退冰回溫時間下對黏模力產生的影響,希望能了解EMC受到溫濕度影響的程度與黏模力變化趨勢之間的關聯性,因此針對EMC易受溫溼度影響的特性,以不同回溫時間的EMC作為控制因子去進行黏模力的測試,觀察黏模力的變化趨勢,並定義出EMC最佳的使用時間。

    In integrated circuit (IC) packaging, when epoxy molding compound (EMC) is filling the mold cavity and cured in the mold, adhesion effects occurs in the interface between EMC and mold surface. Adhesion effects can cause many problems. For example, too large an adhesion force may damage an IC during ejection and causes the package to fail and thus lower the yield rate and reliability. To get rid of the mold adhesion problems, improving the mold design and applying suitable surface treatments such as mold surface coating are the common approaches. Applying suitable surface coating approach is a more popular and practical approach. How to reduce the mold adhesion force and improve products yield rate are the main issues for packaging.
    This research uses a semi-automatic EMC adhesion force test instrument that had been developed and fabricated to measure normal and shear adhesion force between the mold surface and EMC. By measuring the adhesion force, one can judge how much does a specific type of surface treatment help in reducing the amount of mold adhesion force. One will use this instrument to measure the magnitude of adhesion force between EMC and nine kinds of various mold surface coating. And determine the most effectiveness of mold coating. This paper also discuss the issue of successive normal force test. One will use the most effectiveness of mold coating to execute the continuous normal adhesion experiment. The variation of normal force during successive molding test can be used to predict the time for mold cleaning. By wanting the total number of shots when the normal force begins to rise, one can accurately predict the number of shots for a specific kind of mold surface coating to be cleaned.
    This paper also describes that effects of defrosting period on mold adhesion force of EMC. Defrosting is a process to increase the frozen EMC temperature to room temperature and stay at room temperature for some time period before molding. It is found by molding engineers that increased defrosting time period will increase the frequency of mold cleaning. But there has been no quantitative description on how much mold adhesion force increase during the defrosting process. One can use a semi-automatic EMC adhesion force test instrument to evaluate the effects of defrosting period on mold adhesion force of EMC. By measuring the adhesion force, one can quantify how much adhesion force exists between EMC and the mold surface under different defrosting periods. The influence of moisture during defrosting on the adhesion force is also discussed. Finally, one can determine the best defrosting period of EMC.

    摘 要 I Abstract III 誌 謝 V 目 錄 VII 表 目 錄 XII 圖 目 錄 XVIII 第一章 緒論 1 1-1 前言 1 1-2 電子封裝製程簡介 4 1-3 封裝模具的黏著問題 7 1-4 研究動機與目的 11 1-5 文獻回顧 13 1-5-1 封膠材料的固化理論 13 1-5-2 封膠材料的黏著性質 14 1-5-3 量測方式之相關文獻 15 1-5-4 黏著強度之量測規範 17 1-6 全文內容架構 22 第二章 量測原理與實驗設備說明 24 2-1 黏著強度量測原理 24 2-2 量測試片與封膠材料使用準則 26 2-2-1 量測試片之製作 26 2-2-2 封膠材料的使用準則 27 2-3 封裝黏模力正向與剪向量測設備 30 2-3-1 機台的設計規範與系統架構 30 2-3-2 模壓機單元 32 2-3-3 模具組件 34 2-3-4 灌膠伺服系統 40 2-3-5 進料與取料機構 41 2-3-6 檢測裝置 42 2-4 控制系統與機台作動流程 47 2-5 資料擷取系統與配備 52 2-6 測試過程與量測結果 55 第三章 布丁模剪向黏著力測試機台簡介 59 3-1 剪向黏模強度量測理論 59 3-2 實驗機台之設計規範 61 3-3 設備各部機構概述 62 3-3-1 鎖模架構 63 3-3-2 模具單元 65 3-3-3 灌膠機構與脫模銷機構 71 3-3-4 進料與夾料裝置 72 3-3-5 剪向量測機構 73 3-3-6 資料擷取系統 75 3-4 操控介面與作動流程 77 3-5 測試流程與測試結果 82 第四章 正向黏模力量測實驗 88 4-1 實驗目標 88 4-2 實驗規劃與實驗控制條件 89 4-3 測試結果 92 4-4 重複實驗與結果比較 103 4-4-1 重複實驗及其結果 103 4-4-2 兩次實驗之結果比較 116 4-5 正向黏模力連續量測實驗 118 4-5-1 實驗前的準備工作 118 4-5-2 實驗結果與說明 120 4-5-3 分析與討論 126 第五章 不同回溫時間之封膠材料對黏模力的影響 131 5-1 背景說明 131 5-2 封膠材料的不同回溫時間之實驗 133 5-2-1 實驗控制因子的選用 133 5-2-2 實驗過程 134 5-2-3 結果與分析 136 5-3 確認實驗及其結果 144 5-4 兩次實驗的結果比較與結論 152 第六章 剪向黏模力量測實驗 154 6-1 實驗規劃與流程 155 6-2 黏模力複合機台之剪力量測實驗 157 6-2-1 複合機之剪力實驗 158 6-2-2 複合機之剪力重複實驗 169 6-2-3 複合機之實驗結果比較 180 6-3 布丁模剪力測試機台之量測實驗 182 6-3-1 布丁模機台之剪力實驗 183 6-3-2 布丁模機台之剪力重複實驗 194 6-3-3 布丁模機台之實驗結果比較 205 6-4 正向與剪向黏模力之實驗結果比較與討論 207 第七章 結論與未來發展 211 7-1 結論 211 7-2 未來發展 214 參考文獻 215 附錄A 連續實驗之數據 219 自 述 223

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