近年，臺灣獨立樂團成立廠牌、工作室或公司，透過創業將音樂作為志業，且受到產官界重視。有學者提出，獨立音樂界的創業由自產自銷（Do-It-Yourself，DIY），逐漸邁向務實且專業化經營。然而，獨立音樂人如何透過創業，在專案生態中發展技能仍值得檢視。基於上述，本研究以臺灣獨立樂團「大象體操」為個案，探討其創業歷程，並分析其技能在專案中之發展。本研究目標有三：（一）檢視獨立樂團之創業階段與技能；（二）分析獨立樂團如何於專案中發展和應用技能；（三）整合前述，梳理技能對於創業音樂人長期發展事業之意涵。
本研究為單一個案研究，採混合研究方法包含：業界專家半結構式深度訪談及問卷調查。本研究按三階段進行：（ㄧ）以半結構式深度訪談，了解四組獨立音樂界專家對於創業和技能之認知；（二）「大象體操」個案研究。透過深度訪談和二手資料，分析該團初創與與創業時期兩項專案，探討其創業脈絡與技能發展。（三）以線上問卷調查41位獨立音樂人對創業、專案與技能發展之看法。
本個案研究結果顯示，獨立音樂人透過專案，將技能內化並應用於其創業發展。技能對於獨立音樂創業發展有其重要性，然而回歸創作者身份時，音樂創作更是獨立音樂人關注的核心議題。本研究得出結論：（一）樂團創業階段包含：獨立初創（Self-starting）、團隊成長與建立商業邏輯（Shaping）和長期發展（Sustaining）；（二）樂團獨立音樂人透過專案經驗將技能內化於心，靈活應用；（三）獨立音樂人面臨同時身為創業者和創作者的雙重身份挑戰；（四）獨立樂團已組織化且認知產業分工之重要性。本研究期待能為獨立樂團提供一套創業發展技能參照，也為產官界提供音樂創業培訓與媒合機制進行建議。

Without the intermediaries of record companies, indie bands in Taiwan are exploring entrepreneurship through Do-it-Yourself. As indie bands grow their careers, they apply their skills to daily routines and projects. The existing research has studied indie musicians’ work activities and production politics but there has been little research on how indie bands develop skills and entrepreneurship. Therefore, this research aims to investigate how indie musicians develop their skills in music entrepreneurship.
This study adopted a mixed method of qualitative and quantitative research approach. Semi-structured in-depth interviews, a case study, and an online questionnaire were used to understand how local indie bands develop skills in the process of entrepreneurship. Elephant Gym was chosen as the case to study. The band has practiced DIY and delivered many projects. Moreover, the band established its company in 2017.
This research was conducted in three phases: (1) understanding the perception of entrepreneurship and skills from the perspective of experts with over 10 years of experience in the indie music sector; (2) investigating entrepreneurship skills development from Elephant Gym’s perspective; and (3) verifying the findings of phase 1 and 2 from 41 indie music practitioners’ perspectives.
The results indicated that: (1) indie bands developed their skills in three entrepreneurship phases: self-starting a music career or business with resources at hand, shaping ways of doing and a business mindset, and sustaining a music career or business; (2) indie bands internalized and grew their skills through projects, and they agilely and adaptively applied their skills while developing entrepreneurship; (3) indie musicians were in an identity dilemma of entrepreneurs and musicians; and (4) indie bands gradually recognized the need for specialization. The findings suggested that (1) training and subsidy programs might effectively nurture indie musicians in their early phases of entrepreneurship, and (2) networking and peer-to-peer learning is one of the most effective ways for indie musicians to learn skills. Nevertheless, the intermediaries of the public and private sectors are necessary in terms of resource exchange.

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