本研究透過田野調查及問卷調查的方法，探討影響都市歷史環境的視覺景觀氛圍感受、地方依附程度，以及歷史環境保存願付價格間的關聯性。研究對象依據與基地接觸頻率分為三個群落，並以基地特性選取道路空間中的閩式、日式、戰後現代建築群密集區，以其巷弄空間為視覺景觀分類。依上述分類，首先以里克特量表問卷分別詢問視覺景觀氛圍感及地方依附程度，接著以效益化觀點切入，透過願付價格的詢問以了解不同族群對不同視覺景觀類型的支付意願，並於資料分析以路徑分析中的中介效應模型(mediation model)分析，以了解地方依附於視覺景觀及其願付價格之間是否會造成影響，最後，於綜合分析時納入社會經濟因子的探討，以了解在地參與及協助歷史街區保存意願的其他潛在影響因子。
研究結果顯示，與基地接觸最頻繁的第一群受測者，由於視覺景觀對願付價格的迴歸分析並無顯著結果，而得出完全無中介效應的結果，表示對於歷史環境接觸最頻繁的族群而言，探討主題之間僅有視覺景觀與地方依附、地方依附與願付價格之間的影響關係。第二群與第三群受測者，則各有呈現部分或完全中介效果的分析結果。以視覺景觀類型來檢視，第二群受測者以戰後現代建築密集區的中介效果較強，第三群受測者以閩式建築密集區的中介效果較強；而以地方依附構面來看，第二群受測者大致上以地方認同的中介效果較強，第三群受測者則以地方依賴的中介效果較強。
本研究建議對於第一群受測者，在執行歷史街區的環境景觀振興方案之同時，應積極地研擬提升地方依附的對策，如建構居民的信任感、強調經濟與生活並重的發展模式，此外在空間上營造使能看見及傳承本地故事等；而對於第二、三級受測者，則是以視覺景觀維護的實質對策，提升相對應類型的歷史環境氛圍感，可以連帶產生地方認同或地方依賴的情感及其效益，且能進一步提升對歷史環境景觀的願付價格。

Through field surveys and questionnaire surveys, the research discusses the relationship among visual landscape atmosphere, the degree of place attachment, and the willingness to pay (WTP) for the preservation of the historical environment. The research subjects are divided into three groups based on the frequency of contact with the place. Based on the characteristics of the place, the Fujian style, Japanese-style, post-war modern styles in the road space, and the lane space are selected as visual landscape classifications. First, according to the above classification, the Likert scale questionnaire was used to ask about the sense of visual landscape atmosphere and the degree of place attachment. Then, from the perspective of efficiency, we can understand the WTP of different groups for different types of visual landscapes through the questionnaire survey. And in the data analysis, use the mediation model analysis, which is one of the path analysis, to understand whether place attachment will have an impact between visual landscape and WTP. And in the comprehensive analysis, add the discussion of socio-economic factors to understand the influencing factors of the willingness to participate in and assist in the preservation activities of historic districts.
The results show that the first-level subjects, who have the most frequent contact with the place, were no mediation. It means that for the people who are most frequently exposed to the historic district, there is only the influence relationship between visual landscape and place attachment, place attachment and WTP. The second-level and third-level subjects each have analysis results showing partial mediation effect and full mediation effect. The second-level subjects have a strong mediation effect in the post-war modern styles areas, and the third-level subjects have a strong mediation effect in the Fujian-style areas. According to the dimension of local dependence, the second-level subjects generally have a strong mediation effect on place identity, and the third-level subjects have a strong mediation effect on place dependence.

Ainsworth, M. S. (1989). Attachments beyond infancy. American psychologist, 44(4), 709.
Altman, I., & Low, S. M. (2012). Place attachment (Vol. 12): Springer Science & Business Media.
Askari, A. H. (2009). Influence of building façade visual elements on its historical image: Case of Kuala Lumpur city, Malaysia. Journal of Design and Built Environment, 5(1).
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of personality and social psychology, 51(6), 1173.
Bell, S. (1993). Elements of visual design in the landscape: Routledge.
Berman, R. W. (2006). Assessing urban design: Historical ambience on the waterfront: Lexington Books.
Bishop, R. C., & Heberlein, T. A. (1979). Measuring values of extramarket goods: Are indirect measures biased? American journal of agricultural economics, 61(5), 926-930.
Bonaiuto, M., Aiello, A., Perugini, M., Bonnes, M., & Ercolani, A. P. (1999). Multidimensional perception of residential environment quality and neighbourhood attachment in the urban environment. Journal of environmental psychology, 19(4), 331-352.
Bricker, K. S., & Kerstetter, D. L. (2000). Level of specialization and place attachment: An exploratory study of whitewater recreationists. Leisure sciences, 22(4), 233-257.
Brown, B., Perkins, D. D., & Brown, G. (2003). Place attachment in a revitalizing neighborhood: Individual and block levels of analysis. Journal of environmental psychology, 23(3), 259-271.
Brown, G., & Raymond, C. (2007). The relationship between place attachment and landscape values: Toward mapping place attachment. Applied geography, 27(2), 89-111.
Charter, V. (1964). International charter for the conservation and restoration of monuments and sites. Paper presented at the IInd International Congress of Architects and Technicians of Historic Monuments, Venice.
Ciriacy-Wantrup, S. V. (1947). Capital returns from soil-conservation practices. Journal of farm economics, 29(4), 1181-1196.
Craik, K. H. (1968). The comprehension of the everyday physical environment. Journal of the American Institute of planners, 34(1), 29-37.
Cullen, G. (1995). The concise townscape: Routledge.
de Azevedo, A. J. A., Custódio, M. J. F., & Perna, F. P. A. (2013). “Are you happy here?”: the relationship between quality of life and place attachment. Journal of Place Management and Development.
Desvousges, W. H., Johnson, F. R., Dunford, R. W., Boyle, K. J., Hudson, S. P., & Wilson, K. N. (1993). Measuring natural resource damages with contingent valuation: tests of validity and reliability. Contingent valuation: A critical assessment, 91, 91-93.
Devine-Wright, P. (2011). Place attachment and public acceptance of renewable energy: A tidal energy case study. Journal of environmental psychology, 31(4), 336-343.
Di Masso, A., Williams, D. R., Raymond, C. M., Buchecker, M., Degenhardt, B., Devine-Wright, P., . . . Shahrad, A. (2019). Between fixities and flows: Navigating place attachments in an increasingly mobile world. Journal of environmental psychology, 61, 125-133.
Droseltis, O., & Vignoles, V. L. (2010). Towards an integrative model of place identification: Dimensionality and predictors of intrapersonal-level place preferences. Journal of environmental psychology, 30(1), 23-34.
Eckbo, G., & History, L. o. A. L. (2009). Landscape for Living: University of Massachusetts Press.
Florek, M. (2011). No place like home: Perspectives on place attachment and impacts on city management. Journal of Town & City Management, 1(4), 346-354.
Galster, G. (2001). On the nature of neighbourhood. Urban studies, 38(12), 2111-2124.
Gieryn, T. F. (2000). A space for place in sociology. Annual review of sociology, 26(1), 463-496.
Giuliani, M. V., & Feldman, R. (1993). Place attachment in a developmental and cultural context| 314+ xx pp. $55.00 Irwin Altman, Setha M. Low, Place Attachment. Human Behavior and Environment. Advances in Theory and Research, Vol. 12, Plenum Press, Delhi (1992), ISBN: 0 306 44071 7. In: Academic Press.
Gove, P. B. (1986). New International Dictionary. Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster Inc.
Gunawardena, G., Yoichi, K., & Fukahori, K. (2015). Fractal Dimensions for Streetscape Visual Complexity Analysis. ACEPS 2015, 249.
Hammitt, W., & Stewart, W. (1996). Sense of place: A call for construct clarity and management. Paper presented at the Sixth International Symposium on Society & Resource Management, May.
Hammitt, W. E., Backlund, E. A., & Bixler, R. D. (2004). Experience use history, place bonding and resource substitution of trout anglers during recreation engagements. Journal of Leisure Research, 36(3), 356-378.
Hammitt, W. E., Cole, D. N., & Monz, C. A. (1998). Wildland recreation: ecology and management: John Wiley & Sons.
Han, F., Yang, Z., Wang, H., & Xu, X. (2011). Estimating willingness to pay for environment conservation: a contingent valuation study of Kanas Nature Reserve, Xinjiang, China. Environmental monitoring and assessment, 180(1), 451-459.
Hay, R. (1998). Sense of place in developmental context. Journal of environmental psychology, 18(1), 5-29.
He, S., & Anderson, E. T. (2020). Conceptualizing and measuring pathways for how object attachment affects willingness to pay (WTP). Current opinion in psychology.
Hernandez, B., Hidalgo, M. C., & Ruiz, C. (2014). Theoretical and methodological aspects of research on place attachment. Place Attachment: Advances in Theory, Methods and Applications, 125-137.
Hernández, B., Hidalgo, M. C., Salazar-Laplace, M. E., & Hess, S. (2007). Place attachment and place identity in natives and non-natives. Journal of environmental psychology, 27(4), 310-319.
Herzog, T. R., Kaplan, S., & Kaplan, R. (1982). The prediction of preference for unfamiliar urban places. Population and Environment, 5(1), 43-59.
Hester Jr, R. T. (2020). Reattach! Practicing endemic design. Place Attachment: Advances in Theory, Methods and Applications, 208.
Hidalgo, M. C., & Hernandez, B. (2001). Place attachment: Conceptual and empirical questions. Journal of environmental psychology, 21(3), 273-281.
Howley, P., Hynes, S., & Donoghue, C. O. (2012). Countryside preferences: Exploring individuals' willingness to pay for the conservation of the traditional farm landscape. Landscape Research, 37(6), 703-719.
Hyunjin, C., & Yue, W. (2019). Evaluation of Visual Preference for Seasonal Streetscape Design Using 3D Simulation Technology. Paper presented at the IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering.
Ja’afar, N. H., Sulaiman, A. B., & Shamsuddin, S. (2012). The contribution of landscape features on traditional streets in Malaysia. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 50, 643-656.
Jacob, G. R., & Schreyer, R. (1980). Conflict in outdoor recreation: A theoretical perspective. Journal of Leisure Research, 12(4), 368-380.
Jones, N., Malesios, C., & Botetzagias, I. (2009). The influence of social capital on willingness to pay for the environment among European citizens. European Societies, 11(4), 511-530.
Kacha, E. M. L., Matsumoto, N., Cavalcante, A., & Mansouri, A. (2013). Study on Visual Complexity using RMS contrast statistics in streetscape composition in Algeria and Japan.
Kasarda, J. D., & Janowitz, M. (1974). Community attachment in mass society. American sociological review, 328-339.
Kim, D.-C., Kim, S.-W., & Kim, M.-R. (2012). A study on the image characteristics of visual perception in Bukchon-streetscape-Focusing on the Samchung-dong 35, Gahoe-dong 31, Gahoe-dong 11. Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture, 30(2), 110-118.
Koskinen, J. (2012). Ambience Design Notes. Service Design: On the Evolution of Design Expertise. Lahti University of Applied Sciences Series A, Research reports, part, 16, 155-165.
Krutilla, J. V. (1967). Conservation reconsidered. The American Economic Review, 57(4), 777-786.
Kyle, G., Graefe, A., & Manning, R. (2005). Testing the dimensionality of place attachment in recreational settings. Environment and behavior, 37(2), 153-177.
Kyle, G. T., Mowen, A. J., & Tarrant, M. (2004). Linking place preferences with place meaning: An examination of the relationship between place motivation and place attachment. Journal of environmental psychology, 24(4), 439-454.
López-Mosquera, N., & Sánchez, M. (2013). Direct and indirect effects of received benefits and place attachment in willingness to pay and loyalty in suburban natural areas. Journal of environmental psychology, 34, 27-35.
Lee, J., Kyle, G., & Scott, D. (2012). The mediating effect of place attachment on the relationship between festival satisfaction and loyalty to the festival hosting destination. Journal of travel research, 51(6), 754-767.
Lewicka, M. (2005). Ways to make people active: The role of place attachment, cultural capital, and neighborhood ties. Journal of environmental psychology, 25(4), 381-395.
Lewicka, M. (2008). Place attachment, place identity, and place memory: Restoring the forgotten city past. Journal of environmental psychology, 28(3), 209-231.
Lewicka, M. (2010). What makes neighborhood different from home and city? Effects of place scale on place attachment. Journal of environmental psychology, 30(1), 35-51.
Lewicka, M. (2011a). On the varieties of people’s relationships with places: Hummon’s typology revisited. Environment and behavior, 43(5), 676-709.
Lewicka, M. (2011b). Place attachment: How far have we come in the last 40 years? Journal of environmental psychology, 31(3), 207-230.
Liebe, U., Preisendörfer, P., & Meyerhoff, J. (2011). To pay or not to pay: Competing theories to explain individuals’ willingness to pay for public environmental goods. Environment and behavior, 43(1), 106-130.
Long, D. A., & Perkins, D. D. (2007). Community social and place predictors of sense of community: A multilevel and longitudinal analysis. Journal of community psychology, 35(5), 563-581.
Low, S. M., & Altman, I. (1992). Place Attachment. In I. Altman & S. M. Low (Eds.), Place Attachment (pp. 1-12). Boston, MA: Springer US.
Lynch, K. (1960). The image of the city (Vol. 11): MIT press.
Manzo, L. C., & Devine-Wright, P. (2020). Place attachment: Advances in theory, methods and applications: Routledge.
Mihaylov, N., Perkins, D. D., & Stedman, R. C. (2020). Community responses to environmental threat: Place cognition, attachment, and social action. Place Attachment: Advances in Theory, Methods and Applications, 161.
Mitchell, R. C., Carson, R. T., & Carson, R. T. (1989). Using surveys to value public goods: the contingent valuation method: Resources for the Future.
Moore, R. L., & Scott, D. (2003). Place attachment and context: Comparing a park and a trail within. Forest science, 49(6), 877-884.
Öztürk, S., Ayan, E., & Işınkaralar, Ö. (2018). Visual landscape evaluation of Kastamonu clock tower environment as a historical urban area. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 27(12), 9617-9625.
Payton, M. A., Fulton, D. C., & Anderson, D. H. (2005). Influence of place attachment and trust on civic action: A study at Sherburne National Wildlife Refuge. Society and Natural Resources, 18(6), 511-528.
Perkins, D. D., & Long, D. A. (2002). Neighborhood sense of community and social capital. In Psychological sense of community (pp. 291-318): Springer.
Pretty, G. H., Chipuer, H. M., & Bramston, P. (2003). Sense of place amongst adolescents and adults in two rural Australian towns: The discriminating features of place attachment, sense of community and place dependence in relation to place identity. Journal of environmental psychology, 23(3), 273-287.
Proshansky, H. M., Fabian, A. K., & Kaminoff, R. (1983). Place-identity: Physical world socialization of the self. Journal of environmental psychology.
Rakonjac, I. (2019). Contemporary lighting solutions in the historic urban landscape: Project-oriented approach. Paper presented at the 5th IPMA SENET Project Management Conference (SENET 2019).
Randall, A. (1984). Theoretical bases for non-market benefit estimation. In (Vol. 4): Ch.
Raymond, C. M., Brown, G., & Weber, D. (2010). The measurement of place attachment: Personal, community, and environmental connections. Journal of environmental psychology, 30(4), 422-434.
Rollero, C., & De Piccoli, N. (2010). Place attachment, identification and environment perception: An empirical study. Journal of environmental psychology, 30(2), 198-205.
Santosa, H., Ernawati, J., & Wulandari, L. D. (2018). Visual quality evaluation of urban commercial streetscape for the development of landscape visual planning system in provincial street corridors in Malang, Indonesia. Paper presented at the IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.
Santosa, H., Ikaruga, S., & Kobayashi, T. (2013). Visual Evaluation of Urban Commercial Streetscape Through Building Owners Judgment. Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ), 78(691), 1995-2005.
Scannell, L., & Gifford, R. (2010). Defining place attachment: A tripartite organizing framework. Journal of environmental psychology, 30(1), 1-10.
Scannell, L., & Gifford, R. (2014). Comparing the theories of interpersonal and place attachment. Place attachment: Advances in theory, methods, and applications, 23-36.
Seaton, R., & Collins, J. (1972). Validity and reliability of ratings of simulated buildings. Environmental design: Research and practice, 6-10.
Smardon, R. C., Palmer, J. F., & Felleman, J. P. (1986). Foundations for visual project analysis: Wiley New York.
Stewart, E. J., Hayward, B. M., Devlin, P. J., & Kirby, V. (1998). The “place” of interpretation: A new approach to the evaluation of interpretation. Tourism management, 19(3), 257-266.
Stokols, D. (1981). People in places: A transactional view of settings. Cognition, social behavior, and the environment, 441-488.
Sullivan, D., & Young, I. F. (2020). Place attachment style as a predictor of responses to the environmental threat of water contamination. Environment and behavior, 52(1), 3-32.
Surabhi, S. (2018). Influence of visual variety of streetscape on the preference of pedestrians.
Taima, M., & Asami, Y. (2019). Estimation of average place attachment level in a region of Japan. GeoJournal, 84(5), 1365-1381.
Taylor, R. B., Gottfredson, S. D., & Brower, S. (1984). Neighborhood naming as an index of attachment to place. Population and Environment, 7(2), 103-125.
Tsai, S. p. (2012). Place attachment and tourism marketing: Investigating international tourists in Singapore. International Journal of Tourism Research, 14(2), 139-152.
Tuan, T. H., Seenprachawong, U., & Navrud, S. (2009). Comparing cultural heritage values in South East Asia–Possibilities and difficulties in cross-country transfers of economic values. Journal of cultural heritage, 10(1), 9-21.
Tucker, C., & Ostwald, M. (2005). Sustaining Streetscape Character: Assessing the Visual Qualities of a Dwellings’ Style. Fabricating Sustainability: Proceedings of the 39th Architectural Science Association, Wellington, NZ.
Tucker, C., Ostwald, M., Chalup, S., & Marshall, J. (2005). A method for the visual analysis of the streetscape. University of Newcastle, 519-529.
Twigger-Ross, C. L., & Uzzell, D. L. (1996). Place and identity processes. Journal of environmental psychology, 16(3), 205-220.
Urban, D. L. (2006). Landscape ecology. Encyclopedia of Environmetrics, 3.
Verbrugge, L., & van den Born, R. (2018). The role of place attachment in public perceptions of a re-landscaping intervention in the river Waal (The Netherlands). Landscape and urban planning, 177, 241-250.
Von Wirth, T., Grêt-Regamey, A., Moser, C., & Stauffacher, M. (2016). Exploring the influence of perceived urban change on residents' place attachment. Journal of environmental psychology, 46, 67-82.
Vorkinn, M., & Riese, H. (2001). Environmental concern in a local context: The significance of place attachment. Environment and behavior, 33(2), 249-263.
Warzecha, C. A., & Lime, D. W. (2001). Place Attachment in Canyonlands National Park: Visitors' Assessment of Setting Attributes on the Colorado and Green Rivers. Journal of Park & Recreation Administration, 19(1).
Williams, D. R. (2000). Notes on measuring recreational place attachment. Unpublished report supplied by Dr. Dan Williams, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 93407-90259.
Williams, D. R., Patterson, M. E., Roggenbuck, J. W., & Watson, A. E. (1992). Beyond the commodity metaphor: Examining emotional and symbolic attachment to place. Leisure sciences, 14(1), 29-46.
Williams, D. R., & Roggenbuck, J. W. (1989). Measuring place attachment: Some preliminary results. Paper presented at the NRPA Symposium on Leisure Research, San Antonio, TX.
Williams, D. R., & Vaske, J. J. (2003). The measurement of place attachment: Validity and generalizability of a psychometric approach. Forest science, 49(6), 830-840.
Wu, Y.-T., Nash, P., Barnes, L. E., Minett, T., Matthews, F. E., Jones, A., & Brayne, C. (2014). Assessing environmental features related to mental health: a reliability study of visual streetscape images. BMC Public Health, 14(1), 1-10.
正本彩子、小浦久子 (2003)。通り景観における歴史的環境特性の持続に関する研究：京都都心地区の景観のまとまり調査より。日本建築学会計画系論文集，68(567)，75-80。
蔡燕寶 (譯) (1990)。圖解都市景觀：圖解化及記號化之都市景觀學及都市景觀設計方法 (原作者：Prinz D) 。詹氏。
文芸、傅朝卿 (2013)。當代社會中遺產價值的保存與維護。臺灣建築學會 [建築學報](84)，77-96。
王詩慧 (2017)。從視覺景觀觀點探討居民偏好之歷史巷弄構成—以台南市赤崁文化園區周邊為例。成功大學都市計劃學系學位論文，1-102。
王嘉偉 (2011)。健康環境價值評估之研究-以台南市為例。長榮大學土地管理與開發學系 (所) 學位論文，1-79。
吳鳳陞 (2017)。消防人員地方依附，組織承諾及工作績效之間的關係–以新北市政府消防人員為例。淡江大學公共行政學系公共政策碩士在職專班學位論文，1-80。
李依靜 (2010)。歷史街區修復後之視覺景觀研究—以三峽民權老街為例。臺北大學都市計劃研究所學位論文，1-203。
李致宏 (2018)。遊客遊憩需求，服務品質，地方依附，忠誠度與願付價格間之關聯性研究—以羅東林業文化園區為例。宜蘭大學應用經濟與管理學系經營管理碩士班學位論文，1-58。
林奕志 (2012)。結合美質評估法及願付價格法評估平地景觀造林政策之景觀偏好及美質效益。中興大學森林學系所學位論文，1-69。
林建堯 (2009)。台灣國家公園地方依附量表建立與驗證。中興大學園藝學系所學位論文，1-171。
林裕強 (2006)。地方依戀在生態旅遊地管理上的意涵—以陽明山國家公園為例。國家公園學報。
林嘉男、許毅璿 (2007)。人與環境關係之論述：釐清“地方感”、“地方依附”與“社區依附”在環境研究上的角色。環境教育研究，5(1)，41-71。
林擎天 (2013)。彰化縣社區居民地方依附與社區參與之相關性研究。中興大學園藝學系所學位論文，1-166。
林鴻鵬 (2012)。[搬家] 還是 [離家]? 安養中心台籍男性老人的家意義與地方依附。臺灣大學社會工作學研究所學位論文，1-108。
侯錦雄 (1984)。利用攝影媒體表達景觀空間之研究。中國園藝，30(2)，135-147。
胡申瑜 (2013)。雲林地區農塘價值及其與地方依附，農塘未來利用形式關係之研究。中興大學園藝學系所學位論文，1-110。
胡育銓 (2017)。認知與感知，景觀元素對地方依附可操作影響性之研究。成功大學建築學系學位論文，1-75。
郎慧珠、何俊傑、劉錦添 (2007)。假設市場評價法在健康經濟學之應用。取自，http://qolce.ntumc.org/pdf/book/chap06.doc。
倪順成 (2000)。電腦輔助歷史街道景觀設計準則擬定之研究－以台南市中正路為例。成功大學建築學系學位論文。
翁金山 (2002)。從歷史街區的重塑探討都市保存理念的實踐之道－以台南市三級古蹟開基霞佑宮與 B-11 都市計畫道路衝突之解為例。建築學報。
高㬏婈 (2012)。都市閒置空間景觀改造效益之評估。臺灣大學建築與城鄉研究所碩士論文。
張凱智、宋秉明 (2010)。民眾參與，地方依附對觀光發展態度關係之研究－以三個不同觀光發展形態社區為例。觀光休閒學報，16(2)，89-115。
曹正 (2007)。視覺景觀理論。太倉規劃顧問公司出版。
曹勝雄、孫君儀 (2009)。建構地方依附因果關係模式。地理學報(55)，43-63。
陳明健 (2003)。自然資源與環境經濟學-理論基礎與本土案例分析。台北：雙葉書廊。
陳彥儒 (2005)。安平歷史聚落建築景觀風格維護之研究。成功大學建築學系學位論文，1-135。
陳勝田 (2014)。中港大排河廊改造景觀效益之研究。國立臺北教育大學社會與區域發展學系學位論文，1-78。
陸雲 (1990)。環境資源估價之研究－非市場估價方法。中央研究院經濟研究所經濟論文。
曾鈺文 (2018)。探討地方本位戶外課程對活動涉入及地方依附之影響－以瀛彰宜跨校地理人文營隊為例。臺灣師範大學環境教育研究所學位論文，1-102。
曾憲嫻 (2008)。日本景觀維護的觀念與制度應用於區域性保存之研究。文資學報(4)，95-117。
覃群博 (2018)。小琉球休閒水肺潛水參與動機，休閒涉入與地方依附相關之研究。樹德科技大學經營管理研究所學位論文，1-116。
黃如偉 (2012)。動機，涉入與地方依附影響關係之研究－以國際學生選擇英國為求學目的地為例。高雄餐旅大學旅遊管理研究所碩士論文。
黃杏夙 (2014)。台南市中西區巷弄視覺景觀構成之研究。成功大學都市計劃學系學位論文。
黃郁然 (2006)。住宅社區外部空間規劃設計與使用者地方依附之關係研究。成功大學建築學系學位論文，1-90。
黃國誌 (2005)。赤嵌文化園區都市景觀之研究。成功大學建築學系學位論文，1-123。
楊士慧 (2009)。古蹟周邊建築物對景觀視覺影響之研究－以台北市為例。中國文化大學建築及都市計畫研究所碩士論文。
詹謹菱 (2014)。台南府城老屋新生之氛圍空間研究。東海大學建築學系碩士論文。
劉吉川 (1997)。生態觀光與社區發展。野生動物保育彙報及通訊，5(3)，7。
劉羽純 (2012)。社區居民文化資產保存認知，地方依附與願付價格關係之研究。虎尾科技大學休閒遊憩研究所學位論文，1-114。
劉芊瑋 (2016)。地方依附感與使用經驗關係之探討。臺灣大學園藝暨景觀學系學位論文，1-110。
劉貞鈺、林崇偉 (2011)。農村體驗節慶推廣活動如何建構遊客地方依附: 以 2010 年新埔鎮 [新埔心•照門情] 節慶活動為例。交通大學客家文化學院客家社會與文化學程碩士論文。
劉錦添 (1990)。淡水河水質改善的經濟效益評估: 封閉是假設市場評價法之應用。經濟論文。
蔡佳儒 (2018)。讓旅客成為自己人：探討農場款待，地方依附及負責任環境行為之關係。成功大學高階管理碩士在職專班 (EMBA) 學位論文，1-71。
蕭淑文 (2011)。農村社區景觀喜好與地方依附關連性之研究。成功大學建築學系學位論文，1-98。
簡宏儒(2012)。節慶活動地方依附，體驗品質與活動效益關係之研究－以高雄左營萬年季為例。高雄餐旅大學旅遊管理研究所學位論文，1-90。
顏志龍(2019)。給論文寫作者的統計指南: 傻瓜也會跑統計。五南圖書出版股份有限公司。
羅梅君(2007)。社區規劃中視覺美學元素與地方依附感之關係研究。成功大學建築學系學位論文，1-84。
蘇明達、吳珮瑛(2004)。願意支付價值最佳效率指標之建構與驗證。農業經濟叢刊，9(2)，27-60。
蘇玲玉(2012)。地方依附對視覺景觀衝擊之影響－以景觀偏好及環境敏感度為例。臺灣大學園藝學研究所學位論文，1-68。