簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 沈開一
Shen, Kai-Yi
論文名稱: 微波電漿化學氣相沉積法製備鑽石以及利用TCAD比較鑽石以及碳化矽、氮化鎵、矽之鰭式場效電晶體
MPCVD of Diamond and TCAD evaluation of Diamond FinFET at high temperatures in comparison with SiC,GaN and Si FinFETs
指導教授: 曾永華
Tzeng, Yon-Hua
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電機資訊學院 - 微電子工程研究所
Institute of Microelectronics
論文出版年: 2021
畢業學年度: 109
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 97
中文關鍵詞: 鑽石成核寬能隙半導體鰭式場效電晶體
外文關鍵詞: Diamond nucleation, Wide bandgap semiconductors, FinFET
相關次數: 點閱:172下載:0
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 在基板沒有外加偏壓及使用鑽石種晶法的前處理下,利用微波電漿化學氣相沉積系統,以甲烷及氫氣作為前驅物,成功的使鑽石成核於銅箔基板。

    在實驗中使用兩種不同的基板,未經預處理及使用水進行空蝕作用的銅箔,並使用AFM驗證,經由水進行空蝕作用的基板,其表面粗糙度大於未經處理的銅箔基板,而實驗結果顯示粗糙的表面有利於提升鑽石成核密度。

    以水空蝕作用預處理的銅箔基板,長出連續的鑽石薄膜,並利用SEM及拉曼光譜儀證明所長出的薄膜為高品質的鑽石。

    最後利用TEM及其擇區繞射圖來分析鑽石的成核點,分析結果顯示,鑽石於銅箔上直接形成異質磊晶。

    利用TCAD模擬軟體,建立鑽石、碳化矽、氮化鎵及矽,其N型和P型FinFET以及相關的物理模型,比較在300K-700K的溫度下,個別的漏電流及飽和電流,並深入分析各項與溫度相關的係數對漏電流及飽和電流的影響。比較結果顯示,不論是N型還是P型的矽FinFET在高溫下的漏電流都很大,使其失去電晶體「關」的功能,而在高溫下的寬能隙半導體之FinFET仍維持極低的漏電流。在飽和電流方面,在700K下,P型的鑽石FinFET及N型的氮化鎵FinFET,分別為本篇碩論中寬能隙半導體P型FinFET及N型FinFET中飽和電流最大的元件。

    Without bias enhanced nucleation and the diamond seeding method for substrate pretreatment, using a microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition system with methane and hydrogen as precursors, diamond films were successfully nucleated on the copper foil with water cavitation. Diamond nucleation density promoted by the cavitation effect was demonstrated .And SEM and Raman spectroscopy is used to make sure that high-quality diamond films were deposited. Finally, TEM and selected area diffraction images were used to analyze the nucleation position of diamonds. The result showed that diamond heteroepitaxy on the copper foil .

    Use TCAD simulator to establish the diamond, silicon carbide, gallium nitride and silicon N-type and P-type FinFET and their related physical models at 300K-700K, and analyze the temperature dependent material properties that affect the leakage current and saturation current . The results show that both N-type and P-type silicon FinFETs have a large leakage current at high temperatures,and thus they cannot be turned off at high temperatures. While the Leakage current of wide bandgap semiconductors FinFETs at high temperatures remain extremely low. At 700K, the P-type Diamond FinFET and the N-type Gallium Nitride FinFETs have the largest saturation current among the P-type and N-type wide bandgap semiconductors FinFETs in this article.

    摘要 I ABSTRACT II 致謝 XIV 目錄 XV 表目錄 XVIII 圖目錄 XIX 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 鑽石簡介 1 1.1.1 CVD 鑽石薄膜的種類 1 1.1.1.1 微米多晶鑽石薄膜(Microcrystalline diamond films ,MCD) 1 1.1.1.2 奈米多晶鑽石薄膜 (Nanocrystalline diamond films ,NCD) 2 1.1.1.3超奈米多晶鑽石薄膜 (Ultrananocrystalline diamond films,UNCD) 2 1.1.2 鑽石的特性 3 1.1.2.1鑽石及銅複合物作為散熱槽 4 1.1.2.2 鑽石作為氮化鎵-HEMT散熱基板 5 1.1.2.3 氫端鑽石MOSFET在高壓元件的應用 7 1.1.2.4 硼摻雜鑽石FinFET在高溫下的應用 7 1.1.2.5氫端鑽石MISFET在高頻、高功率的應用 8 第二章 文獻回顧與理論基礎 10 2.1 CVD鑽石薄膜製程原理 10 2.2常見的CVD鑽石薄膜製程方法 11 2.2.1熱燈絲化學氣相沉積法 (Hot Filament CVD,HFCVD) 11 2.2.2電漿輔助化學氣相沉積法(Plasma Enhanced CVD,PECVD) 12 2.2.2.1微波電漿輔助化學氣相沉積法(Microwave Plasma-Assisted CVD) 12 2.2.2.2直流電漿輔助化學氣相沉積法(Direct-Current Plasma-Assisted CVD) 13 2.2.2.3射頻電漿輔助化學氣相沉積法(RF Plasma-Assisted CVD) 13 2.2.2.4火焰燃燒化學氣相沉積法(Flame CVD) 14 2.3 鑽石薄膜成核機制及提升成核密度之方法 15 2.3.1機械拋磨法(Mechanical scratching) 15 2.3.2 種晶法(Seeding) 16 2.3.3 偏壓法(Biasing) 16 2.3.4 成核於中間層(Interlayer driven nucleation) 18 2.3.4.1成核於類鑽非晶碳(Diamond-like Amorphous Carbon) 18 2.3.4.2成核於金屬碳化物 19 2.3.4.3成核於石墨(Graphite) 19 2.4 CVD鑽石薄膜成長機制 20 2.5 製程參數對CVD鑽石薄膜的影響 20 2.5.1 製程氣體 20 2.5.1.1甲烷 21 2.5.1.2氫氣 23 2.5.1.3氬氣 23 2.5.2基板溫度 24 2.5.3製程壓力 24 第三章 實驗流程與儀器設備介紹 26 3.1實驗流程圖 26 3.2製程設備 27 3.2.1超音波細胞粉碎儀(Probe Sonicator) 27 3.2.2微波電漿輔助化學氣相沉積系統(MPCVD) 27 3.3製程監控設備 30 3.3.1 雙波長光學溫度計(Dual Wavelength Pyrometer) 30 3.3.2 分光光譜儀(Optical Emission Spectroscopy,OES) 31 3.4量測與分析設備 32 3.4.1光學顯微鏡(OM) 32 3.4.2拉曼光譜儀(Raman Spectroscope) 33 3.4.3 原子力顯微鏡 (Atomic Force Microscope,AFM) 34 3.4.4掃描式電子顯微鏡(Scanning Electron Microscope,SEM) 35 3.4.5 聚焦離子束顯微鏡(Focused Ion Beam Microscope,FIB) 36 3.4.6 穿透式電子顯微鏡(Transmission Electron Microscope, TEM) 37 第四章 實驗結果與討論 39 4.1以水空蝕作用(Cavitation effect)預處理提升鑽石成核密度 39 4.2鑽石薄膜之成長及薄膜品質分析 43 4.3 鑽石在銅箔基板上的成核機制 45 4.3.1鑽石以銅箔上石墨烯邊緣作為成核點 45 4.3.2鑽石直接磊晶 (Epitaxy)在銅箔上 47 第五章 矽、鑽石、碳化矽及氮化鎵鰭式場效電晶體 (FINFET) 在高溫下之TCAD電性模擬 51 5.1元件架構及寬能隙材料在高溫應用的優點 51 5.1.1 FinFET的架構優點 51 5.1.2 所模擬之元件架構設計 53 5.1.3寬能隙半導體在高溫操作下的優勢 57 5.1.3.1氫端鑽石MOSFET在高溫下的操作 57 5.1.3.2碳化矽MOSFET在高溫下的操作 58 5.1.3.3 AlGaN/GaN 高電子遷徙率電晶體 (High Electron Mobility Transistor,HEMT)在高溫下的操作 59 5.1.3.4結合氫端鑽石FET及GaN-HEMT之反向器在高溫下的操作 61 5.2所使用之物理模型及模型參數 63 5.2.1 能隙 (Bandgap)之物理模型 63 5.2.1.1 隨溫度變化之能隙模型 63 5.2.1.2 隨摻雜濃度變化之能隙窄化(Bandgap Narrowing) 64 5.2.2 本質濃度隨溫度及能隙變化之物理模型 66 5.2.3不完全解離(Incomplete Ionization)之物理模型 67 5.2.4 載子遷徙率之物理模型 68 5.2.4.1與溫度及摻雜濃度有關之載子遷徙率模型 68 5.2.4.1.1波隆納大學載子遷徙率模型(The University of Bologna bulk mobility model) 69 5.2.4.1.2 Arora載子遷徙率模型 71 5.2.4.2考慮高電場效應下之載子遷徙率模型 73 5.3 模擬結果與討埨 75 5.3.1隨溫度變化之漏電流探討 75 5.3.1.1 P型FinFET隨溫度變化之漏電流探討 75 5.3.1.2 N型FinFET隨溫度變化之漏電流探討 77 5.3.2隨溫度變化之飽和電流探討 79 5.3.2.1 P型FinFET隨溫度變化之影響飽和電流的因素 79 5.3.2.1.1 P型FinFET隨溫度變化之臨界電壓 79 5.3.2.1.2 P型FinFET隨溫度變化之通道電洞遷徙率及飽和速度 80 5.3.2.1.3 P型FinFET隨溫度變化之接觸電阻 82 5.3.2.1.4 P型FinFET隨溫度變化之飽和電流 84 5.3.2.2 N型FinFET隨溫度變化之電性 85 5.3.2.2.1 N型FinFET隨溫度變化之臨界電壓 85 5.3.2.2.2 N型FinFET隨溫度變化之通道電子遷徙率及飽和速度 86 5.3.2.2.3 N型FinFET隨溫度變化之接觸電阻 88 5.3.2.2.4 N型FinFET隨溫度變化之飽和電流 90 第六章 結論與未來展望 91 第七章 參考文獻 92

    [1] Fuentes-Fernandez, E.M.A., et al., Synthesis and characterization of microcrystalline diamond to ultrananocrystalline diamond films via Hot Filament Chemical Vapor Deposition for scaling to large area applications. Thin Solid Films, 2016. 603: p. 62-68.
    [2] Williams, O.A., Nanocrystalline diamond. Diamond and Related Materials, 2011. 20(5): p. 621-640.
    [3] Arenal, R., et al., Diamond nanowires and the insulator-metal transition in ultrananocrystalline diamond films. Physical Review B, 2007. 75(19).
    [4] Donato, N., et al., Diamond power devices: state of the art, modelling, figures of merit and future perspective. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 2019. 53(9): p. 093001.
    [5] Lophitis, N., et al., TCAD Device Modelling and Simulation of Wide Bandgap Power Semiconductors. 2018: IntechOpen.
    [6] Yoshida, K. and H. Morigami, Thermal properties of diamond/copper composite material. Microelectronics Reliability, 2004. 44(2): p. 303-308.
    [7] Jarndal, A., L. Arivazhagan, and D. Nirmal, On the performance of GaN-on-Silicon, Silicon-Carbide, and Diamond substrates. International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering, 2020. 30(6): p. e22196.
    [8] Zhou, Y., et al., Barrier-Layer Optimization for Enhanced GaN-on-Diamond Device Cooling. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2017. 9(39): p. 34416-34422.
    [9] Tadjer, M.J., et al., GaN-On-Diamond HEMT Technology With TAVG = 176°C at PDC,max = 56 W/mm Measured by Transient Thermoreflectance Imaging. IEEE Electron Device Letters, 2019. 40(6): p. 881-884.
    [10] Hayashi, K., et al., Investigation of the effect of hydrogen on electrical and optical properties in chemical-vapor-deposited homoepitaxial diamond films (vol 81, pg 744, 1997). Journal of Applied Physics, 1997. 81(10): p. 7078-7078.
    [11] Kitabayashi, Y., et al., Normally-Off C–H Diamond MOSFETs With Partial C–O Channel Achieving 2-kV Breakdown Voltage. IEEE Electron Device Letters, 2017. 38(3): p. 363-366.
    [12] Huang, B., et al., Diamond FinFET without Hydrogen Termination. Scientific Reports, 2018. 8(1): p. 3063.
    [13] Yu, X., et al., High frequency H-diamond MISFET with output power density of 182 mW/mm at 10 GHz. Applied Physics Letters, 2019. 115(19): p. 192102.
    [14] Butler, J.E., et al., Thin Film Diamond Growth Mechanisms [and Comment]. Philosophical Transactions: Physical Sciences and Engineering, 1993. 342(1664): p. 209-224.
    [15] Kato, H., et al., Synthesis and characterization of diamond capsules for direct-drive inertial confinement fusion. Diamond and Related Materials, 2018. 86: p. 15-19.
    [16] Mallik, A.K., et al., Large Area Deposition of Polycrystalline Diamond Coatings by Microwave Plasma CVD. Transactions of the Indian Ceramic Society, 2013. 72(4): p. 225-232.
    [17] Reeve, S., W.A. Weimer, and D. Dandy, On the optimization of a dc arcjet diamond chemical vapor deposition reactor. Journal of Materials Research, 1996. 11: p. 694-702.
    [18] Yamazaki, T., et al., The healing effect of stearic acid applied on amorphous carbon film with dispersed nanodiamonds. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2012. 379: p. 012010.
    [19] Veillère, A., et al., Influence of WC-Co Substrate Pretreatment on Diamond Film Deposition by Laser-Assisted Combustion Synthesis. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2011. 3(4): p. 1134-1139.
    [20] Gurbuz, Y., et al., Diamond semiconductor technology for RF device applications. Solid-State Electronics, 2005. 49(7): p. 1055-1070.
    [21] Yarbrough, W.A. and R. Messier, Current issues and problems in the chemical vapor deposition of diamond. Science, 1990. 247(4943): p. 688-96.
    [22] Liu, H. and D.S. Dandy, Studies on nucleation process in diamond CVD: an overview of recent developments. Diamond and Related Materials, 1995. 4(10): p. 1173-1188.
    [23] Yugo, S., et al., Generation of diamond nuclei by electric field in plasma chemical vapor deposition. Applied Physics Letters, 1991. 58(10): p. 1036-1038.
    [24] Yugo, S., T. Kimura, and T. Kanai, Nucleation mechanisms of diamond in plasma chemical vapor deposition. Diamond and Related Materials, 1993. 2(2): p. 328-332.
    [25] Singh, J., Nucleation and growth mechanism of diamond during hot-filament chemical vapour deposition. Journal of Materials Science, 1994. 29(10): p. 2761-2766.
    [26] Lambrecht, W.R.L., et al., Diamond nucleation by hydrogenation of the edges of graphitic precursors. Nature, 1993. 364(6438): p. 607-610.
    [27] Sternschulte, H., et al., Comparison of MWPCVD diamond growth at low and high process gas pressures. Diamond and Related Materials, 2006. 15(4): p. 542-547.
    [28] Chuang, K.-L., L. Chang, and C.-A. Lu, Diamond nucleation on Cu by using MPCVD with a biasing pretreatment. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2001. 72(2): p. 176-180.
    [29] Li, X., et al., Investigation of the effect of the total pressure and methane concentration on the growth rate and quality of diamond thin films grown by MPCVD. Diamond and Related Materials, 2006. 15(11): p. 1784-1788.
    [30] Das, D. and R.N. Singh, A review of nucleation, growth and low temperature synthesis of diamond thin films. International Materials Reviews, 2007. 52(1): p. 29-64.
    [31] Li, X., et al., Large-Area Synthesis of High-Quality and Uniform Graphene Films on Copper Foils. Science, 2009. 324(5932): p. 1312.
    [32] Shi, C., et al., Growth of graphite film on copper foil by plasma enhanced chemical vapor depositon. 2013 IEEE 14th International Vacuum Electronics Conference (IVEC), 2013: p. 1-2.
    [33] Lee, S.T., et al., A Nucleation Site and Mechanism Leading to Epitaxial Growth of Diamond Films. Science, 2000. 287(5450): p. 104.
    [34] Tulić, S., et al., Covalent Diamond–Graphite Bonding: Mechanism of Catalytic Transformation. ACS Nano, 2019. 13(4): p. 4621-4630.
    [35] Hajimammadov, R., et al., Random networks of core-shell-like Cu-Cu2O/CuO nanowires as surface plasmon resonance-enhanced sensors. Scientific Reports, 2018. 8.
    [36] Thompson S, editor MOS scaling: Transistor challenges for the 21st century. Intel Technology Journal; 1998: Citeseer.
    [37] Es-Sakhi A, Chowdhury MH, editors. Analytical model to estimate the subthreshold swing of SOI FinFET. 2013 IEEE 20th International Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems (ICECS); 2013: IEEE.
    [38] Lee H-J, Rami S, Ravikumar S, Neeli V, Phoa K, Sell B, et al., editors. Intel 22nm FinFET (22FFL) process technology for RF and mm wave applications and circuit design optimization for FinFET technology. 2018 IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting (IEDM); 2018: IEEE.
    [39] Farkhani H, Peiravi A, Kargaard JM, Moradi F, editors. Comparative study of FinFETs versus 22nm bulk CMOS technologies: SRAM design perspective. 2014 27th IEEE International System-on-Chip Conference (SOCC); 2014: IEEE.
    [40] Colinge J, Lee C, Akhavan ND, Yan R, Ferain I, Razavi P, et al. Junctionless transistors: physics and properties. Semiconductor-On-Insulator Materials for Nanoelectronics Applications: Springer; 2011. p. 187-200.

    [41] Chalker, P.R., Wide bandgap semiconductor materials for high temperature electronics. Thin Solid Films, 1999. 343-344: p. 616-622.
    [42] Kawarada, H., et al., C-H surface diamond field effect transistors for high temperature (400 °C) and high voltage (500 V) operation. Applied Physics Letters, 2014. 105(1): p. 013510.
    [43] Wondrak, W., et al., SiC devices for advanced power and high-temperature applications. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2001. 48(2): p. 307-308.
    [44] Aktas, O., et al., High temperature characteristics of AlGaN/GaN modulation doped field‐effect transistors. Applied Physics Letters, 1996. 69(25): p. 3872-3874.
    [45] Ren, C., et al. Hydrogen-terminated diamond FET and GaN HEMT delivering CMOS inverter operation at high-temperature. in 2020 Device Research Conference (DRC). 2020.
    [46] Suresh, B.V., Solid State Devices and Technology. 2010: Pearson Education.
    [47] Bludau, W., A. Onton, and W. Heinke, Temperature dependence of the band gap of silicon. Journal of Applied Physics, 1974. 45(4): p. 1846-1848.
    [48] Ding, H., et al., Basic parameters and models in simulation of CVD diamond devices. Diamond and Related Materials, 2010. 19(5): p. 500-502.
    [49] Lades M. Modeling and simulation of wide bandgap semiconductor devices: 4H/6H-SiC: Technische Universität München, Universitätsbibliothek; 2000.
    [50] Vurgaftman, I., J.R. Meyer, and L.R. Ram-Mohan, Band parameters for III–V compound semiconductors and their alloys. Journal of Applied Physics, 2001. 89(11): p. 5815-5875.
    [51] Lindefelt, U., Doping-induced band edge displacements and band gap narrowing in 3C–, 4H–, 6H–SiC, and Si. Journal of Applied Physics, 1998. 84(5): p. 2628-2637.
    [52] Persson, C., U. Lindefelt, and B.E. Sernelius, Band gap narrowing in n-type and p-type 3C-, 2H-, 4H-, 6H-SiC, and Si. Journal of Applied Physics, 1999. 86(8): p. 4419-4427.
    [53] Slotboom, J.W. and H.C.d. Graaff, Bandgap narrowing in silicon bipolar transistors. IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, 1977. 24(8): p. 1123-1125.
    [54] Slotboom, J.W., The pn-product in silicon. Solid-State Electronics, 1977. 20(4): p. 279-283.
    [55] Slotboom, J.W. and H.C. de Graaff, Measurements of bandgap narrowing in Si bipolar transistors. Solid-State Electronics, 1976. 19(10): p. 857-862.
    [56] Klaassen, D.B.M., J.W. Slotboom, and H.C. de Graaff, Unified apparent bandgap narrowing in n- and p-type silicon. Solid-State Electronics, 1992. 35(2): p. 125-129.
    [57] Brezeanu, M., Diamond Schottky barrier diodes. 2008, University of Cambridge.
    [58] Jain, S.C. and D.J. Roulston, A simple expression for band gap narrowing (BGN) in heavily doped Si, Ge, GaAs and GexSi1−x strained layers. Solid-State Electronics, 1991. 34(5): p. 453-465.
    [59] Sabui, G., et al., Modeling and simulation of bulk gallium nitride power semiconductor devices. AIP Advances, 2016. 6(5): p. 055006.
    [60] Shur, M., Physics of semiconductor devices. 1990, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall.
    [61] Wong, H.Y., N. Braga, and R.V. Mickevicius, Prediction of highly scaled hydrogen-terminated diamond MISFET performance based on calibrated TCAD simulation. Diamond and Related Materials, 2017. 80: p. 14-17.
    [62] Poerschke, R. and O. Madelung, Semiconductors Group IV Elements and III-V Compounds. 1991, Springer, Berlin.
    [63] Levinshtein, M.E., S.L. Rumyantsev, and M.S. Shur, Properties of Advanced Semiconductor Materials: GaN, AIN, InN, BN, SiC, SiGe. 2001: John Wiley & Sons.
    [64] Grove, A.S., Physics and technology of semiconductor devices. 1967: Wiley.
    [65] Lagrange, J.P., A. Deneuville, and E. Gheeraert, Activation energy in low compensated homoepitaxial boron-doped diamond films1Paper presented at the Diamond 1997 Conference.1. Diamond and Related Materials, 1998. 7(9): p. 1390-1393.
    [66] Nishimura, K., K. Das, and J.T. Glass, Material and electrical characterization of polycrystalline boron-doped diamond films grown by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition. Journal of Applied Physics, 1991. 69(5): p. 3142-3148.
    [67] Koizumi, S., T. Teraji, and H. Kanda, Phosphorus-doped chemical vapor deposition of diamond. Diamond and Related Materials, 2000. 9(3): p. 935-940.
    [68] Kociniewski, T., et al., n-type CVD diamond doped with phosphorus using the MOCVD technology for dopant incorporation. physica status solidi (a), 2006. 203(12): p. 3136-3141.
    [69] Henini, M. and M. Razeghi, Optoelectronic Devices: III Nitrides. 2004: Elsevier.
    [70] Gorczyca, I., A. Svane, and N.E. Christensen, Theoretical study of point defects in GaN and AlN; lattice relaxations and pressure effects. MRS Internet Journal of Nitride Semiconductor Research, 1997. 2: p. e18.
    [71] Tansley, T. and R. Egan, Point-defect energies in the nitrides of aluminum, gallium, and indium. Physical Review B, 1992. 45(19): p. 10942.
    [72] Reggiani, S., et al. A Unified Analytical Model for Bulk and Surface Mobility in Si n- and p-Channel MOSFET's. in 29th European Solid-State Device Research Conference. 1999.
    [73] Reggiani, S., et al., Electron and hole mobility in silicon at large operating temperatures. I. Bulk mobility. IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, 2002. 49(3): p. 490-499.
    [74] Arora, N.D., J.R. Hauser, and D.J. Roulston, Electron and hole mobilities in silicon as a function of concentration and temperature. IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, 1982. 29(2): p. 292-295.
    [75] Hatakeyama, T., K. Fukuda, and H. Okumura, Physical Models for SiC and Their Application to Device Simulations of SiC Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistors. IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, 2013. 60(2): p. 613-621.
    [76] Nawaz, M. and A. Ahmad, A TCAD-based modeling of GaN/InGaN/Si solar cells. Semiconductor Science and Technology, 2012. 27(3): p. 035019.
    [77] Farahmand, M., et al., Monte Carlo simulation of electron transport in the III-nitride wurtzite phase materials system: binaries and ternaries. IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, 2001. 48(3): p. 535-542.
    [78] Pernot, J. and S. Koizumi, Electron mobility in phosphorous doped {111} homoepitaxial diamond. Applied Physics Letters, 2008. 93(5): p. 052105.
    [79] Caughey, D.M. and R.E. Thomas, Carrier mobilities in silicon empirically related to doping and field. Proceedings of the IEEE, 1967. 55(12): p. 2192-2193.
    [80] Canali, C., et al., Electron and hole drift velocity measurements in silicon and their empirical relation to electric field and temperature. IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, 1975. 22(11): p. 1045-1047.
    [81] Jacoboni, C., et al., A review of some charge transport properties of silicon. Solid-State Electronics, 1977. 20(2): p. 77-89.
    [82] Roschke, M. and F. Schwierz, Electron mobility models for 4H, 6H, and 3C SiC [MESFETs]. IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, 2001. 48(7): p. 1442-1447.

    下載圖示
    2026-07-10公開
    QR CODE