在手部運動評估與臨床應用的研究中，常需要量測相關的運動參數來作為復健和診斷之參考，藉由量測黏貼於皮膚表面的標記點來進行相關運動參數分析的方法已廣泛應用，其中造成量測參數誤差的主要原因之一是：由於運動過程中皮膚的彈性形變與滑動會造成標記點對骨頭產生相對位移，因此皮膚上的標記點並無法代表真正骨頭的運動參數，本論文針對此問題，提出了新的構想來量測皮膚和骨頭之間的相對運動，並提出具參考性的結果。
本篇論文整合了相機影像、動態螢光攝影和核磁共振造影三種影像的資訊，藉由三種影像資訊互相配合，達到量測皮膚和骨頭之間相對運動的目的。首先我們利用繪製於皮膚上的網格來表示皮膚表面的運動資訊，以多台相機追蹤技術定位出影像上的二維網格，並重構成三維網格模型。並且同步拍攝動態螢光影像以取得骨頭的平面運動資訊，藉由整合兩個系統得到皮膚相對於骨頭在螢光影像平面上的二維滑動資訊。然而三維皮膚與骨頭之相對運動資訊仍然無法獲得，因此，我們加入核磁共振影像來取得手骨的結構資訊和關節參數，建立可驅動的手骨模型，將手骨模型和動態螢光影像作三維二維的影像對位，估算出立體的手骨運動資訊。最後，我們根據三個系統的空間資訊就能量測出三維皮膚與手骨的相對滑動。
在實驗中，我們將追蹤系統的結果和手動點選的網格進行比較，平均誤差小於一個像素，顯示追蹤系統有不錯的準確性。皮膚滑動的量測方面，我們針對食指和中指的PIP 關節作量測，並且統計了10個正常的受測者資料，得到了皮膚的滑動趨勢：手指在彎曲時皮膚相對於骨頭是向關節方向滑動。這些資料除了可以作為補償運動參數的參考之外，也可以提供給外科醫師作為判斷手部皮膚功能是否正常的依據。

In the kinematic assessment and clinical application, the kinematic evaluations for rehabilitation and therapeutic are necessary. Thus, the approaches of measurement based on skin-attached markers for motion analyses have been widely applied. However, one of the major facts that cause the measurement error of kinematic parameters is the skin elastic-deformation and sliding that produces the relative displacements of the attached markers with respect to the underlying bones. It implies that bony motion can not be solely represented by the markers. This thesis provides new ideas to measure the skin movements and also give credible conclusions by the experimental results.
The proposed skin-movement measurement is based on integrating the camera images, fluoroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging technologies. First of all, the specific grid drawn on skin surface was adopted to represent the skin patch of interest. The motion of the three-dimensional grid model associated with this skin-drawn grid will be reconstructed by camera tracking system from multiple-view grid images. Next, the bone images captured by planar fluoroscopy system simultaneously were correlated to the corresponding motion of grid model. Thus, the two-dimensional (2-D) skin movement projected on the fluoroscopy plane can also be measured. However, the actual three-dimensional (3-D) movements were still not available. To this end, the three-dimensional bony hand model must be found by using the additionally magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). After registering the bony hand model to fluoroscopy images, the three-dimensional bony hand motion could be simulated in terms of the inter-poses transformations. Finally, the three-dimensional skin movements with respect to the MRI bony finger can be obtained based on the spatial information from the three systems.
In the experiments, we compared the tracking results with the ground truth given by experts, and obtained very small tracking errors (less than 1 pixel). Moreover, in the skin movement, the PIP joint of index and middle finger were investigated for skin movements with 10 healthy-hand subjects. The measurement results showed that the skin slide with respect to the underlying bone segment toward the joint center in finger flexion. This information can be used in kinematic compensation, and also available to assist skin surgical judgments.

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