「步行」是人類最原始之運輸方式，無論使用何種運具，進行何種旅次，最終皆需經過「步行」來完成，所以「人行空間」應該是從事都市運輸規劃與設計時最應受到重視的內容，但卻往往最被忽視。人行空間是都市發展的重要元素，更是永續運輸的目標下急需去推廣的課題，如果都市發展能夠規劃良好的行人步行空間，提供對於行人步行美好的願景，將會為我們的都市環境產生重大的變化。
在台灣的道路系統中，行人通常被認為是弱勢之一方，不只是在穿越馬路的行人穿越道時得不到汽機車的禮讓，容易與車輛發生衝突，在人行道上行走時又往往因為機車的違規停放、商家佔用騎樓，及人行道上階梯差與路面高低不平而導致行走的不方便且不舒適。而在行人當中，又以兒童與老年人最為脆弱，因此了解老年人的步行行為與其對各類行路口的認知有其必要性。
　　本研究首先將藉由文獻的探討，整合目前國內外文獻對行人，特別是老年人及幼童於行人認知及行為方面的研究，並對目前台灣現行的行人空間設計作一整合並分類。並嘗試利用實驗設計的概念，以影像分析(Image Analysis)對常人及老年行人於穿越各類型路口所產生的不同行為作觀測調查，同時針對拍攝對象作問卷調查其對於不同行人通道空間感受，並於調查地點附近之國民小學發放問卷，嘗試找出影響行人行為與認知的關鍵，歸納並得出影響行人行為與認知的關鍵在於穿越馬路的地點，不論是常人或是老年行人。而越大型的路口且交通號誌完善，行人的安全及舒適性認知越高，且越不會有危險的行為產生；老年人在有無違規穿越馬路的行為下對行人專用號誌有顯著性差異存在；學童則較常人及老人對於交通號誌的認同度更高，且較遵守交通號誌，且較不認為穿越馬路是具危險性的。本研究結合影像及問卷方式調查，對後續有關行人行為及認知比對方面的研究，可供參考並改良。研究結果可供道路規劃者參考並改良於較多老幼行人之地點附近的人行道及行人穿越道。

Walking is the most basic transport form; it starts and ends all the transport behaviors, and pedestrian space should be the most important ones when doing city transportation planning and design. If it can develop a good walking space in the city, it will improve and change the city transportation system. This is the most critical topic under the sustainable development circumstances.
　　In Taiwan road system, pedestrians are usually concerned as weak ones, especially elders, children, and disadvantaged. Not only crossing the crosswalk but walking on the sidewalk, pedestrians are easily conflicted with cars, motors, and other barriers on the road.
In this research, we try to use the experiment design to analysis the elders and the normals crossing behaviors. In order to find the key point which affecting the pedestrian behaviors and perceptions, we use image analysis to record the pedestrian crossing behaviors in different crosswalks, and to survey their perceptions toward different pedestrian passing spaces at the same time. And we survey the pupils near the study site.
As the result, we find that the main point affecting the pedestrian corssing behaviors is the crossing locations, and the bigger and better ATIS intersection, the higher the elders safety and comfortable perception, and they will not cross the road unsafely. And the elders crossing behavior obviously differ in the intersection which pedestrian signal is in there. The pupils may be more confidence in traffic signals and signs. And they may trust that cars will yield to them when they cross the road.

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