森林管理有助於維持物種多樣性與水土保持，是面對極端環境挑戰的重要一環。在台灣的森林管理與復育已行之有年並有大量研究文獻產出，然而對於人工管理森林的土壤微生物相等相關研究仍有相當探討的空間。本研究中，我們著重於三處不同時間點栽種的台灣烏心石人造林，依其不同的森林成熟時間作為長達16年的時間序列，分析其中土壤微生物之變化。採樣地點包括：三處烏心石人造林、一處海拔高度相近之天然混合林及一處逾百年的高海拔烏心石天然林地。透過擴增子定序(amplicon sequencing)與高通量分子條碼(metabarcoding)技術，我們發現在人工林細菌相與真菌相的β多樣性皆隨造林時間順序排列分布；加入兩處天然林後發現，其中細菌相的β多樣性差異分布可能受到海拔高度的差異所影響，而真菌相的差異分布則可能受到林地是否為烏心石作為主要植被的影響。而線性判別分析(Linear discriminant analysis effect size, LEfSe)當中，發現細菌相的標記物種隨著森林初期階段以有機物分解者的物種為主，會隨著森林成熟的進程，變化於森林較成熟的階段以氮循環相關的物種為主的現象；而在真菌相的生物標記物種，則是以森林初期的草生植物內共生物種為主變化為較成熟階段的以助益植物生長的真菌物種為主，尤其被孢黴屬(Mortierella)在較成熟的烏心石林具有突出的線性判別分數，且組成分布上隨烏心石林成熟的進程而增加，該屬的真菌物種能將土壤中的無機養分轉化為生物可利用的形式，並協助植物根部內共生構造的形成。本研究可做為台灣人造林的土壤微生物研究之一起點，未來或以擴大到不同復育樹種的人造林相關研究，以期能對森林管理與環境復育等議題上做出貢獻。

The forest management is an important task combating against the extreme environmental challenges. In Taiwan, the forest management and restoration have been carried out for decades with numerous publications in research. However, there has been limited research on the soil microbiome within managed forests. In this study, we initiated a research project focusing on the 3 managed Michelia formosana forests with different plantation time to examine the changes of soil microbiome along the forest maturity time as 16 years chrono-sequence. The study sites included the 3 managed Michelia forests, a natural mix-woods at similar elevation, a 100 year aged natural Michelia forest at high elevation with determination of the effects in different tree plantations and elevations for soil microbiome. With the aid of amplicon sequencing and metabarcoding, we revealed both bacterial and fungal communities of restoring forests having a step wised pattern along plantation time in beta diversity. And further, with two natural sites included, the bacterial communities showed effected by elevation while the fungal communities showed effected by plantation species. The linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size and composition both highlighted Mortierella species and correlation with the maturity progress of the Michelia formosana forest. The further investigation of composition and intersected core microbiome suggested that the managed forest microbiome would vary in a different way from other natural two.
This research served as a starting point for soil microbiome research on Taiwan managed forests which could ultimately support the work of forest management and environmental restoration purposes with further investigation.

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