由於人們長久以來對動植物棲息地恣意破壞和濫用生態資源，導致動植物生存空間越來越小和全球生態資源快速枯竭，因此生物多樣性是近幾年來一項極為重要的生態研究主題。希望能喚起人們對保育生態資源的重視。在本篇論文中，主要是假設物種種類出現的機率服從已知的事前分配，利用此資訊來估計生物多樣性指標費雪指標。文獻中的估計量(例如:最大概似估計量)忽略了未出現在樣本中的物種之機率，所以估計量有低估的情形。本文提出貝氏估計量，利用已知事前分配的訊息來對未出現在樣本中物種之機率加以估計。並以模擬結果來和文獻中不同方法比較在不同參數組合下的優劣情形。

Biodiversity is an extremely important topic of ecology research in recent years, because mankind arbitrarily destroyed habitat of animals and plants to cause the more serious ecological crisis. This paper is concerned with the estimation of Shannon’s index of diversity when the relative abundances have a prior distribution. The traditional estimator that ignores the missing species underestimates the Shannon’s index of diversity when there is a non-negligible number of unseen species. We provide a Bayesian approach based on a prior distribution. A simulation study was conducted to empirically investigate and compare the pervious estimators and our proposed estimators for various combinations of parameters.

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