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研究生: 曹維哲
Cao, Wei-Jhe
論文名稱: 全自動糞便潛血定量免疫分析儀開發
Development of Automated Immunoanalyzer for Quantitative Fecal Occult Blood Analysis
指導教授: 林裕城
Lin, Yu-Cheng
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 工程科學系
Department of Engineering Science
論文出版年: 2019
畢業學年度: 107
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 133
中文關鍵詞: 全自動化大量檢測四軸控制器PLC糞便潛血影像處理五滴孔卡匣
外文關鍵詞: quantity detection system, QR code, fecal occult blood, image processing
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  • 本研究成功開發出具可大量分析、穩定度佳及易操作特色之全自
    動糞便潛血定量免疫分析儀;在硬體方面利用滾珠螺桿、步進馬達、
    馬達驅動器、高精準度移液系統、輸送帶以及四軸控制器設計出全自
    動糞便潛血定量免疫分析儀主體, 並使用可程式控制器(Programmable Logic Controller, PLC)撰寫出檢測控制程式;軟體部分為光學檢測模組並裝載Advanced RISC Machine (ARM)開發板、Universal Serial Bus (USB)攝影機、LED 光源、LCD 觸控式液晶顯示器、整合式電路及光學暗房。在檢測程式方面使用Python 整合模組OpenCV、NumPy 及Matplotlib 撰寫出影像處理程式,再以Python 模組Sqlite 紀錄資訊並由觸控式螢幕顯示檢測資訊。最後使用Raspberry pi (樹莓派)將硬體、軟體做整合,開發出全自動糞便潛血全自動定量免疫分析儀。由研究結果可發現,開發之全自動糞便潛血定量免疫分析儀可精準達到完整檢測自動化之目的,並在滴入五滴孔卡匣上之糞便潛血檢測試劑下,能正確建立出線性度極佳之濃度與灰階值校正曲線,作為量化分析依據,該曲線決定係數可達0.95,在重複實驗下仍可保持良好的精準度。

    This thesis presents a highly sensitive and stable automated immunoanalyzer system for fecal occult blood tests (FOB). The inspection is based on immunochromatographic assay, which is widely applied to fecal occult blood detection. Combined with the immunochromatographic strip, the automated immunoanalyzer system is able to detect and calculate the concentration of sample. The system, designed by SolidWorks, is composed of hardware and software. The analyzing programs include a main program, QR code, and image processing program compiled by Python.

    摘要 I EXTENDED ABSTRACT II 致謝 VI 縮寫表 VII 目錄 IX 表目錄 XV 圖目錄 XVI 第一章 緒論 1 1-1 研究背景 1 1-2 大腸癌的檢測簡介 3 1-3 免疫分析法 10 1-3-1 免疫分析基本理論 11 1-3-2 抗原與抗體定義 12 1-3-3抗原與抗體結合力 13 1-3-4 免疫分析檢測種類 14 1-3-5 免疫分析偵測方法 15 1-4免疫膠體金技術原理 18 1-5側流層析免疫反應試紙 20 1-6 檢測自動化簡介 22 1-7 影像判讀 24 1-7-1 影像判讀簡介 24 1-7-2 影像判讀之發展 26 1-8 研究動機與目的 30 1-9 章節架構 32 第二章 檢測設備設計及製作 34 2-1 檢測設備之系統流程 34 2-1-1 影像處理之流程 36 2-1-2 讀取C、T線之演算法 40 2-2-3 QR碼設計 42 2-2 全自動糞便潛血定量免疫分析儀設計 43 2-2-1 全自動糞便潛血定量免疫分析儀系統流程 45 2-2-2 馬達驅動器 47 2-2-3 OMRON繼電器 49 2-2-4 二相步進馬達 50 2-3 全自動糞便潛血定量免疫分析儀製作 52 2-3-1 四軸可程式控制器 52 2-3-2 全自動糞便潛血定量免疫分析儀設備 53 2-4 程式開發環境建立 54 2-4-1 開發板 54 2-4-2 作業系統選用:Raspbian 57 2-4-3 開發程式語言選擇:Python 60 2-4-4 檢測路徑程式撰寫:PLC可程式控制器 61 第三章 實驗與研究方法 62 3-1 實驗儀器 62 3-1-1 全自動糞便潛血定量免疫分析儀架構 62 3-1-2 四軸軸控制系統 63 3-1-3 高精準度移液系統 63 3-1-4 五滴孔卡匣設計 65 3-1-5 光學檢測暗箱之硬體架構 66 3-1-6 微量吸管放置盒(Tip) 67 3-1-7 採樣瓶設計 68 3-1-8 黑箱設計 69 3-1-9 感光元件 70 3-1-10 LED光源 71 3-1-11 Raspberry Pi 7" Touchscreen Display 72 3-1-12 光感應器 73 3-2 可程式控制器全自動定量檢測流程之程式撰寫 75 3-2-1 可程式控制器介紹及EXC406M尺寸及特色 75 3-2-2 EXC406M接腳電路圖與Channel介紹 77 3-2-3 EXC406M之I/O介面迴路圖介紹 79 3-2-4 EXC406M之PLC撰寫程式流程解說 83 3-2-5 硬體規劃過程以及PLC程式撰寫 86 3-3 實驗藥品 93 3-3-1 配製方法 93 3-4 實驗方法 94 3-4-1 全自動糞便潛血定量免疫分析儀介面整合測試 94 3-4-2 XYZ軸控制模組之距離測試 95 3-4-3 高精準度移液系統驗證測試 96 3-4-4 灰階線性度測試 98 3-4-4-1 灰階線性度測試 98 3-4-4-2 色階線性度極限測試 99 3-5 全自動糞便潛血定量免疫分析儀整合測試 100 3-5-1 市售FOB試紙測試 101 第四章 結果與討論 102 4-1 檢測自動化之實現 102 4-1-1 自動化檢測 102 4-1-2 全自動糞便潛血定量免疫分析儀介面整合 104 4-2 灰階線性度測試結果 111 4-3 紅色階線性度測試結果 114 4-4 全自動糞便潛血定量免疫分析儀測試結果 118 4-4-1 FOB試紙測試結果 118 4-4-2 導入擬合曲線之濃度測試結果 121 第五章 結論與建議 122 5-1 結論 122 5-2 未來展望及建議 126 參考文獻 128

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