研究背景
女性的平均壽命普遍高於男性，因此中高齡女性相關研究議題逐漸受到關注。然而，針對身體形象研究大多集中在年輕女性，很少關注於年齡增長對女性自我身體認同的意義，尤其社會上對兩性老化外表的態度可能有著雙重標準。研究大多也顯示個人年齡認同會影響自我身體健康及自我認知。然而年齡認同與身體意象是生命長期發展而來，所以本研究藉由生命歷程理論探討中高齡女性年齡認同與身體意象的經驗，了解中高齡女性自我年齡理解、身體形象如何轉變及建構，並探討其年齡增加之下對老化身體的看法、策略及調適。
研究方法
參與者是以立意取樣及滾雪球方式招募15-30名現齡45歲以上，健康狀況良好、無溝通及聽視力障礙之中高齡及高齡女性，以一對一訪談方式進行半結構式深度訪談來蒐集研究資料，並採用主題分析進行訪談資料分析。
研究結果
本研究共招募受訪者15名，其中1名年齡僅44歲不符收案條件45歲以上，因此予以排除，最後納入研究的受訪者共14名，年齡介於52至85歲之間。本研究依據訪談分析顯示出幾個主題，包含：感知年齡的落差、對年齡增長的體會與調適、理想年齡回顧與選擇、社會角色影響自我身體意象、總有對身體滿意/不滿意的部分、以及對老化和外表變化的策略。
結論
一、女性對於主觀感覺年齡傾向年輕，且對於老化帶來的壓力不僅限於身體健康問題。
二、中高齡女性在追求自我認同過程中會經歷各種不同的反應和調適，對自身年齡增長及外表變化的態度與策略會在自身需求與社會期待中找尋平衡。
三、展現出中高齡女性在生命歷程中對年齡和身體認同的變動性、異同性與能動性。
本研究有利於我們從中高齡女性角度思考，並了解其生活經驗與自我認同的形塑，提高我們對女性身體形象與老化關係的認識。

The purpose of this study is to understand how middle-aged and older women’s self-age identity and body image are transformed and constructed over their life course, using the life course theory perspective. It also explores their perceptions, strategies, and adjustments in response to the aging body as their age increases. Data was collected through one-on-one, semi-structured in-depth interviews, ultimately including 14 participants, and analyzed using thematic analysis. The study reveals the pressures middle-aged and older women face during aging and the various reactions and adjustments they experience in their pursuit of self-identity. Throughout their lives, these women strive to find a balance between personal needs and societal expectations. The study highlights the variability, differences, and agency in how these women navigate age and body identity throughout their life course. This research contributes to our understanding of how middle-aged and older women’s life experiences shape their self-identity, enhancing our awareness of the relationship between female body image and aging.

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