研究生: |
廖伶榕 Liao, Ling-Rong |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
應用地電阻影像剖面法探勘高雄燕巢地區滾水坪泥火山地下通道 Imaging mud fluid conduits of the Gunshuiping mud volcano with Electric Resistivity Methods |
指導教授: |
樂鍇‧祿璞崚岸
Lin, Ting-Li |
共同指導教授: |
張竝瑜
Chang, Ping-Yu |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
理學院 - 地球科學系 Department of Earth Sciences |
論文出版年: | 2016 |
畢業學年度: | 104 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 97 |
中文關鍵詞: | 地電阻影像剖面法 、電阻率 、泥火山 |
外文關鍵詞: | ERT, Mud Volcano, Resistivity |
相關次數: | 點閱:84 下載:11 |
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泥火山形成的條件為高壓氣體、水及泥岩,三者缺一不可。越來越多研究指出,泥火山與天然氣水合物之間關係相當密切,泥火山的流體來源為天然氣水合物解離混合古海沉積水,甚至是其演化而來。泥火山是全球重要的甲烷溢氣管道,因此,泥火山是重要的地形景觀。台灣位處歐亞板塊及菲律賓海板塊交界,板塊運動導致台灣有許多斷層活動,斷層活動使地層中存在許多裂隙,而泥火山泥漿湧升的通道為地層中的裂隙位置。本研究的動機為了解斷層活動與泥火山之間的關係,因此在此使用地球物理方法-地電阻影像剖面法探勘泥火山地下通道,並在實驗室進行泥岩含水量實驗,瞭解地層中體積含水量情形,以期對未來長期監測提供背景資料。
滾水坪泥火山位於台灣西南部約175-m × 90-m的平原上,本研究在此進行十三條測線,並使用Wenner陣列。對照現地觀察之三個噴發口(由東至西為噴發口一、二及三)及二維剖面圖、三維電阻率模型與體積含水量圖,噴發口與低電阻及高體積含水量區域良好吻合。現地進行單點測量,發現泥漿的電阻率約為4 ohm-m以下,比對二維剖面圖與三維電阻率模型,滾水坪泥火山系統主要泥漿湧升通道位於噴發口三(最西邊)下方偏北處,並在地表下約5-12公尺處向東漫流,與東邊兩個噴發口彼此相通。而在噴發口三下方約3-14公尺,存在一個低電阻區域,推測為泥漿噴發至地表前暫存的位置。
We conducted the resistivity survey at the Gunshuiping mud volcano and produced a 3D model in order to delineate the mud-fluid conduits in the mud volcano system. The Gunshuiping mud volcano is located in a 175-m × 90-m platform in Southwest of Taiwan. There are three main mud-volcano craters: craters 1, 2 and 3. Crater 3 is active and the others are inactive.
We conducted thirteen survey lines using the Wenner configuration to obtain the resistivity profile images. The lengths of the lines are about 155 m and 60 m, which can resolve the resistivity image down to 30 m and 10 m in depth, respectively.
The results showed that there is a vertical structure under the crater 3, and we suggest that it is the mud-fluid conduit. There is a chamber at a depth between 3 and 14 m, and we interpreted that is the temporary storage of mud fluid during the erupting process. Beneath the craters 1 and 2, there is a near-surface, horizontal conduit connecting the craters 1 and 2. At depth between 5 and 12 m, the vertical conduit beneath the north of crater 3 and the horizontal conduit beneath the craters 1 and 2 are connected. The resistivity images clearly delineate the conduit underneath the craters and suggest that the crater 3 is the main erupting conduit, which is consistent to the surface features, in the Gunshuiping mud volcano system.
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