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研究生：	黃李暉 Huang, Lee-Hui
論文名稱：	建築物樓層勁度識別與損壞評估之研究 A Study on Identification of Story Stiffness and Damage Evaluation for Buildings
指導教授：	洪李陵 Hong, Li-Ling
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 土木工程學系 Department of Civil Engineering
論文出版年：	2006
畢業學年度：	94
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	156
中文關鍵詞：	系統識別、樓層勁度、非線性迴歸分析、損壞評估、損壞評估指標
外文關鍵詞：	Maximum Softening, story stiffness, system identification, nonlinear regression analysis, damage evaluation, COMAC, MAC
相關次數：	點閱：120 下載：1
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系統識別藉由系統的輸入與輸出歷時，推估系統特性。在動態特性參數中，基本振動週期的識別最為準確，有助於判別低樓層的損壞程度，但卻無法判別損壞位置。為了判斷損壞位置和程度，需要識別樓層勁度。本研究以時域的非線性迴歸分析方法分段識別樓層勁度，以樓層勁度時變的三自由度系統模擬建築物在強震下受損的情形，驗證識別方法的可靠性。在完全量測且無雜訊的情況下，樓層勁度有相當正確的識別結果；當雜訊介入時，強動階段的樓層勁度識別結果也能確實反映出樓層勁度時變歷程。部分量測的識別效果大幅下降，主因為無法識別未量測樓層的有效參與係數，故對部分量測的狀況，以較低自由度的等效系統進行識別，等效系統在量測樓層間的勁度值足以反映損壞位置和平均損壞程度。最後以兩組結構試體和一棟實際建築物的實際量測資料，驗證本文之識別方法確實可應用於結構物的樓層勁度識別，並利用樓層勁度的識別結果進行損壞位置和損壞程度的評估。

The characteristics of a structural system can be estimated through a system identification technique when the input and output signals are measured. The identified fundamental vibration period is the most accurate parameter among all dynamic ones of a system, and the results may be used to evaluate the degree of damage occurred at the lower floors of a building. However, the identified results are of no use to find the location of damage. It is necessary to identify the story stiffness for judging the location and degree of damage. A nonlinear regression analysis in divided time windows is performed in this study to identify the floor stiffness. At first, several three degree-of-freedom simulation systems with assumed time-varying properties are used to demonstrate the reliability of our method. The identified values of story stiffness are almost identical to the exact ones under complete measurement. When noises are added to the input and output data, the identified results in the strong-motion region are also good enough to show the variation of story stiffness. For incomplete measurement, the accuracy of identified results is much reduced because it is unable to identify the effective participation factors at unmeasured floors. Therefore, the original system is replaced by an equivalent one of reduced degrees of freedom in order to identify the story stiffness. It is shown that the identified story stiffness could be used to find the location of damage and evaluate the average degree of damage occurred in the original system. Finally, our method is used to identify the story stiffness and then to evaluate the location and degree of damage for two structural models and a true building with measured data under base excitation and strong ground motion, respectively.

摘  要..........................................I
Abstract.......................................II
誌  謝........................................III
目 錄..........................................IV
表 目 錄......................................VII
圖 目 錄.....................................VIII
第一章  緒論....................................1
  1.1 研究動機與目的............................1
  1.2 文獻回顧..................................2
    1.2.1 系統識別運用..........................2
    1.2.2 損壞評估指標..........................2
  1.3 本文研究內容..............................3
第二章  損壞評估指標............................4
  2.1 常用的損壞評估指標........................4
  2.2 數值模擬和檢驗............................5
  2.3 多自由度系統的軟化評估指標................8
  2.4 小結......................................9
第三章  樓層勁度的識別.........................20
  3.1 理論架構.................................20
  3.2 三自由度線性系統.........................26
    3.2.1 非時變系統參數識別...................26
    3.2.2 非時變系統分段識別...................28
    3.2.3 時變系統分段識別.....................30
  3.3 部分量測反應的系統識別...................35
    3.3.1 時變系統分段識別.....................35
    3.3.2 特殊外力頻率的等效系統分段識別.......37
    3.3.3 等效系統分段識別.....................40
  3.5 小結.....................................43
第四章  試體與建築物之損壞評估................112
  4.1 試體與建築物簡介........................112
  4.2 試體與建築物的樓層勁度識別..............113
    4.2.1 三分之一縮尺RC試體之樓層勁度識別....113
    4.2.2 Benchmark Model D之樓層勁度識別.....115
    4.2.3 中興土木環工大樓之樓層勁度識別......117
  4.3 損壞評估................................118
    4.3.1 三分之一縮尺RC試體之損壞評估........119
    4.3.2 Benchmark Model D之損壞評估.........119
    4.3.3 中興土木環工大樓之損壞評估..........120
第五章  結論與建議	............................138
  5.1 結論....................................138
  5.2 建議....................................139
參考文獻......................................140
附錄A 由振態頻率和有效參與矩陣推算勁度矩陣....141
附錄B 三分之一縮尺二層樓RC校舍模型............143
附錄C Benchmark model D結構圖和感應器配置圖...150
附錄D 中興大學土木環工大樓感應器配置圖........153
自  述........................................156


                                    

[1] 柯宏明，「建築物系統識別與損壞評估之研究」，國立成功大學土木工程研究所碩士論文，2004。
[2] 黃盈樺，「受震結構之參數系統識別」，國立成功大學土木工程研究所碩士論文，1996。
[3] 顏士閔，「依識別模態參數之建築結構層間損壞指標」，國立中興大學土木工程研究所碩士論文。
[4] DiPasquale, E., and Cakmak, A. S., “Detection of seismic structural damage using parameter-based global damage indices,” Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics, Vol. 5, pp. 66-65, 1990.
[5] Lieven, N. A. J. and Ewins, D. J., “Spatial correlation of mode shapes, the coordinate modal assurance criterion (COMAC).” Proceeding of the Sixth International Modal Analysis Conference, pp.690-695 (1988).
[6] Allemang, R. L. and Brown, D. L., “A correlation coefficient for modal vector analysis.” Proceeding of the first International Modal Analysis Conference, Bethel, Connecticut, U.S.A.(1983).
[7] 許茂雄、廖文義、杜怡萱、許士昱，「三分之一縮尺二層樓RC校舍模型振動台試驗」，國家地震工程研究中心報告編號：NCREE-02-001，2002。

校內：立即公開
校外：2006-08-25公開

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