在傳統的癌症治療上，腫瘤的轉移跟復發一直都影響治療結果。因此，免疫治療的崛起扮演了一個突破性的角色，在此研究中利用808 nm紅外光誘導金奈米球殼的光熱效應來對腫瘤細胞產生熱傷害，藉由熱相關蛋白干擾細胞內訊息分子的傳遞來促使腫瘤細胞凋亡變成細胞碎片，這些碎片可以當成抗原提供給免疫細胞進行辨識，進而啟動下游的免疫反應；此外，金奈米球殼的光熱性質也促使CpG核苷酸(oligodeoxyribonucleotide, ODN)序列從奈米材料上釋出，誘導免疫細胞上Toll-like receptor(TLR) 9的活化，進而啟動免疫反應的覺醒。這些被喚醒的免疫細胞如同士兵一樣，在細胞激素(cytokines)和趨化因子(chemokines)的引導下遷移至腫瘤部位，藉由辨認腫瘤細胞上的特定抗原來攻擊腫瘤細胞。同時，免疫細胞也會進行全身性的巡視，清除轉移的腫瘤細胞，降低腫瘤治療後轉移以及復發的機率，提升整體的治療成效。

In traditional cancer therapy, tumor metastasis and recurrence have always affected the anti-cancer therapy, therefore, the rise of immunotherapy has played a critical role. In our study, 808 nm aser was used to induce the photothermal effect of the Au nanoshells to cause thermal damage to induce tumor cells going to apoptosis.
In addition, the photothermal properties of the Au nanoshells also promote CpG ODN release from the nanomaterials, inducing the activation of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 9, which initiates the awakening of the immune response. These awakened immune cells, like soldiers, migrate to the tumor site under the guidance of cytokines and chemokines, and attack tumor cells by identifying specific antigens on the tumor cells. At the same time, immune cells will also conduct systemic patrols to remove metastatic tumor cells, reduce the probability of metastasis and recurrence after tumor treatment, and improve the overall effectiveness of treatment.

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