Table of Contents Abstract I 摘要 II 致謝 III Table of Contents V Figure Index VII Table Index X Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Preface 1 1.2 Motivation 3 1.3 Objective 4 Chapter 2 Literature Review 5 2.1 Definition of sugarcane 5 2.2 Cultivar information 5 2.3 Conventional processes in cane mill 8 2.4 Selective fermentation application in cane mill process 9 2.5 Sugarcane related model 12 Chapter 3 Methodology 13 3.1 Development of model 13 3.1.1 Process inventories 14 3.1.2 Requirements and instructions 18 3.1.3 Limitations 21 3.1.4 Mathematical expression 23 3.2 Scenario analysis 40 3.2.1 Scenario design 40 3.2.2 Mathematical expression 45 3.3 Optimization for cane mill 46 3.3.1 Objectives 46 3.3.2 Mathematical expression 47 3.4 Sensitivity analysis 50 Chapter 4 Results and Discussion 51 4.1 Scope of model application 51 4.2 Scenario analysis 52 4.2.1 Referenced condition-harvest NiF8 in five months with conventional fermentation 52 4.2.2 Extended condition-harvest NiF8 in seven months with selective fermentation 58 4.2.3 Extended condition-harvest KY01-2044 in seven months with selective fermentation 63 4.2.4 Comparison between scenarios 69 4.3 Optimization for production 73 4.3.1 Description of productivity 73 4.3.2 Recommendation for managers and farmers 77 4.4 Sensitivity analysis 80 Chapter 5 Conclusion 83 Reference 85 Figure Index Figure 2 1 Growth condition of NiF8 and KY01-2044 in new spring planting (left) and in ratoon (right) [7] 6 Figure 2 2 Sugarcane cropping system in Taiwan. [9, 11] 7 Figure 2 3 Conventional processes in cane mill including sugar and ethanol production. The figure was organized in this study according to the literatures. [12-14] 10 Figure 2 4 Schematic for selective fermentation application in cane mill, especially 11 Figure 3 1 Process inventories of the proposed model and goal of the proposed model 17 Figure 3 2 Stalk weight simulation of NiF8 in new spring planting and ratoon 28 Figure 3 3 Stalk weight simulation of KY01-2044 in new spring planting and ratoon 28 Figure 3 4 Brix and purity of NiF8 in new spring planting along with days after planting 30 Figure 3 5 Brix (left) and purity (right) of NiF8 in ratoon planting along with days after planting. Different starting month of ratoon is described in R_month. 30 Figure 3 6 Brix and purity of KY01-2044 in new spring planting along with days after planting 31 Figure 3 7 Brix (left) and purity (right) of KY01-2044 in ratoon planting along with days after planting. Different starting month of ratoon is described in R_month. 31 Figure 3 8 Flowchart of crystallization and centrifugation 34 Figure 3 9 Raw sugar yield of crystallization with conventional fermentation (CF) 34 Figure 3 10 Raw sugar yield of crystallization with conventional fermentation (CF) + selective fermentation (SF) 35 Figure 3 11 Scheme of overall scenario design 44 Figure 4 1 Scenario A1, sugar production in new spring planting (left) and in ratoon1 (right) 54 Figure 4 2 Scenario A1, ethanol production in new spring planting (left) and in ratoon1 (right) 54 Figure 4 3 Scenario A2, ethanol production in new spring planting (left) and in ratoon1 (right) 56 Figure 4 4 Scenario B1, sugar production in new spring planting (left) and in ratoon1 (right) 59 Figure 4 5 Scenario B1, ethanol production in new spring planting (left) and in ratoon1 (right) 59 Figure 4 6 Scenario B2, ethanol production in new spring planting (left) and in ratoon1 (right) 61 Figure 4 7 Scenario C1, sugar production in new spring planting (left) and in ratoon1 (right) 64 Figure 4 8 Scenario C1, ethanol production in new spring planting (left) and in ratoon1 (right) 64 Figure 4 9 Scenario C2, ethanol production in new spring planting (left) and in ratoon1 (right) 67 Figure 4 10 Sugar production in two year cycle for A1, B1 and C1 scenario 70 Figure 4 11 Ethanol production in two year cycle for A1, B1 and C1 scenario 71 Figure 4 12 Ethanol production in two year cycle for A2, B2, and C2 scenario 72 Figure 4 13 Sugar production distribution 75 Figure 4 14 Ethanol production distribution 76 Figure 4 15 Bagasse production distribution 76 Figure 4 16 Result of sensitivity analysis for sugar production with conventional fermentation 81 Figure 4 17 Result of sensitivity analysis for ethanol production with conventional fermentation 81 Figure 4 18 Result of sensitivity analysis for sugar production with conventional and selective fermentation. 82 Figure 4 19 Result of sensitivity analysis for ethanol production with conventional and selective fermentation. 82 Table Index Table 3 1 Days after planting for new spring planting and ratoon1 20 Table 3 2 Measured stalk population data 25 Table 3 3 Cultivar data and growth assumptions for simulating sugarcane stalk population 25 Table 3 4 Assumptions in sugar and ethanol production simulation 38 Table 3 5 Allocation of harvested area for scenario A 42 Table 3 6 Allocation of harvested area for scenario B and C 42 Table 3 7 Overview of scenario design 43 Table 4 1 Scenario A1, data of sugar production for figure 4-1. 55 Table 4 2 Scenario A1, data of ethanol production for figure 4-2. 55 Table 4 3 Scenario A2, data of ethanol production for figure 4-3. 57 Table 4 4 Scenario B1, data of sugar production for figure 4-4 60 Table 4 5 Scenario B1, data of ethanol production for figure 4-5. 60 Table 4 6 Scenario B2, data of ethanol production for figure 4-6. 62 Table 4 7 Scenario C1, data of sugar production in figure 4-7. 65 Table 4 8 scenario C1, data of ethanol production in figure 4-8 66 Table 4 9 scenario C2, data of ethanol production for figure 4-9. 68 Table 4 10 Sugar production in sugar maximized case 70 Table 4 11 Ethanol production in sugar maximized case 71 Table 4 12 Ethanol production in ethanol maximized case 72 Table 4 13 Sugarcane production allocated in harvest schedule 74 Table 4 14 Total sugar, ethanol and bagasse production in two year cycle 75 Table 4 15 Harvest area along with harvest schedule for optimized sugar production 79