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研究生: 黃氏秋紅
Huong, Huynh Thi Thu
論文名稱: Consumer Behavior in Multi-Channel Coffee Franchising Systems:A Comparative Study in Two Countries
Consumer Behavior in Multi-Channel Coffee Franchising Systems:A Comparative Study in Two Countries
指導教授: 陳正忠
Chen, Jeng-Chung Victor
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 管理學院 - 國際經營管理研究所
Institute of International Management
論文出版年: 2015
畢業學年度: 103
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 219
外文關鍵詞: Coffee franchise, Multi-channel, Comparative study, Complexity, Order, Consumer behavior, Approach/ avoidance behavior, M-R model, Emotional states, Arousal, Pleasantness, Motivational orientation, Regulatory focus, National culture, IndulgenceCoffee franchise, Indulgence
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  • The aim of this study was to identify the influence of environmental characteristics: complexity and order on consumer’s emotional states and consumer behavior in muulti-channel coffee franchise. In doing so, this study applied M-R model to operate a conceptual model with environmental stimuli, emotional states: arousal, pleasantness and approach/ avoidance behavior.
    Firstly, through qualitative method, researchers developed full measurement for environmental characteristics known as complexity and order. After having fully measurement, the study was conducted though 04 small groups (Taiwanese vs. Vietnamese) x (Online vs. Offline).
    Moderating impact of each individual’s motivational orientation and regulatory focus were also investigated. Additionally, we took individual approach towards one of national culture: indulgence to more understand its moderating impacts on consumer behavior. Summary and comparison between findings of 04 groups were made to achieve more comprehensive understanding about the study’s findings.

    ABSTRACT I ACKNOWLEDGMENTS II TABLE OF CONTENTS I LIST OF TABLES VI LIST OF FIGURES XI CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Research Background. 1 1.1.1 Environment, Emotion and Consumer Behavior in Multi-Channel Context. 1 1.1.2 The World Coffee Outlook. 2 1.1.3 Overview of Franchise Development in the Global Business. 4 1.1.4 Development of the Coffee Franchise. 7 1.1.5 Vietnam and Taiwan: Two countries under the Comparative Study. 8 1.2 Research Motivation. 16 1.3 Research Gap. 18 1.4 Research Objective. 19 1.5 Research Structure. 20 CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW 21 2.1 Mehrabian and Russell’s Environmental Psychology Model. 21 2.1.1 Summary of the M-R Model. 21 2.1.2 Application of the M-R Model in Offline and Online Environment. 23 2.2 Regulatory Focus Theory. 25 2.3 Environmental Characteristics. 27 2.4 Definition of Research Variables. 28 2.4.1 Environmental Characteristics: Complexity and Order. 28 2.4.2 Emotional States: Arousal and Pleasantness. 30 2.4.3 Motivational Orientation. 31 2.4.4 Approach Avoidance Behavior toward Environment. 32 2.4.5 Regulatory Focus. 34 2.4.6 National Culture: Indulgence 35 2.5 Interrelationship among Research Constructs. 35 2.5.1 Relationship between Environmental Characteristics and Arousal. 35 2.5.2 Relationship between Motivational Orientation and Arousal, Pleasantness. 37 2.5.3 Relationship between Pleasantness and Approach Avoidance Behavior. 38 2.5.4 Relationship between Regulatory Focus, Pleasantness and Approach Avoidance Behavior. 39 2.5.5 Relationship between Indulgence, Pleasantness and Consumer Behavior. 42 CHAPTER THREE RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY 43 3.1 Conceptual Model. 43 3.2 Hypotheses to be Tested. 44 3.3 Measurements of Constructs. 44 3.4 Sampling Plan and Data Collection. 45 3.5 Measurement Development for Complexity and Order. 46 3.5.1 Interview in Vietnam. 46 3.5.2 Proposed Measurement Items 51 3.5.3 Pilot Test for Measurement Items. 52 3.5.4 Complete Measurement of Complexity and Order. 60 3.6 Data Analysis. 61 3.6.1 Descriptive Statistic Analysis. 61 3.6.2 Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). 61 3.6.3 Structural Equation Model (SEM). 63 3.6.4 Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). 63 CHAPTER FOUR RESEARCH RESULTS 64 4.1 Respondents’ Characteristics. 65 4.1.1 General Description. 65 4.1.2 Comparison Characteristics of Sample and Population. 71 4.1.3 Comparison Characteristics between Two Channels and between Two countries. 71 4.2 Descriptive Statistical Analysis. 75 4.3 Results for Taiwanese Online Group. 81 4.3.1 Confirmative Factor Loading. 81 4.3.2 Validity and Reliability Test. 85 4.3.3 Hypothesis Testing: Direct Effects. 87 4.3.4 Hypothesis Testing: Moderating Effects. 88 4.4 Results of Vietnamese Online Group. 98 4.4.1 Confirmative Factor Loading. 98 4.4.2 Validity and Reliability Test. 101 4.4.3 Hypothesis Testing: Direct Effects. 103 4.4.4 Hypothesis Testing: Moderating Effects. 104 4.5 Results of Taiwanese Offline Group. 114 4.5.1 Confirmative Factor Loading. 114 4.5.2 Validity and Reliability Test. 117 4.5.3 Hypothesis Testing: Direct Effects. 119 4.5.4 Hypothesis Testing: Moderating Effects. 120 4.6 Results of Vietnamese Offline Group. 130 4.6.1 Confirmative Factor Loading. 130 4.6.2 Validity and Reliability Test. 133 4.6.3 Hypothesis Testing: Direct Effects. 134 4.6.4 Hypothesis Testing: Moderating Effects. 135 4.7 Summary and Comparison of Testing Results. 145 CHAPTER FIVE CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS 150 5.1 Discussion and Conclusion. 150 5.2 Implications. 151 5.2.1 Theoretical Implications. 151 5.2.2 Managerial Implications. 152 5.3 Limitation and Future Researches. 154 REFERENCES 156 APPENDICES 163 Appendix 1: Top Largest Coffee Chains in the World 163 Appendix 2: Top Famous Coffee Chains in Vietnam 164 Appendix 3: Some Large Coffee Chains in Taiwan 165 Appendix 4: Measurement for Construct 166 Appendix 5: English Questionnaire: Online 168 Appendix 6: English Questionnaire: Offline 177 Appendix 7: Vietnamese Questionnaire: Online 183 Appendix 8: Vietnamese Questionnaire: Offline 192 Appendix 9: Chinese Questionnaire: Online 199 Appendix 10: Chinese Questionnaire: Offline 206 Appendix 11: Vietnamese Questionnaire for Pilot Test: Online 212 Appendix 12: Vietnamese Questionnaire for Pilot Test: Offline 215 Appendix 13: List of Approached Physically Stores’ Location in this Studies 218 Appendix 14: Total Reveunes Year2011- Year 2014 and Monthly Offline and Online Revenues in 2014 of Two franchises 219

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