隨著可攜式與自供電物聯網（IoT）設備需求日益增加，亟需一種能夠有效整合太陽能收集與能量儲存的系統。整合型太陽能儲能系統（IPRESS）將光吸收與電化學儲能結合於單一平台，提供一項極具潛力的解決方案。在眾多 IPRESS 技術中，光電容器因可於單一步驟中直接轉換並儲存太陽能而受到高度關注，惟其材料相容性與界面電荷傳輸等挑戰，仍限制其實際應用。
本研究探討全無機鉛鹵化物鈣鈦礦材料，特別是 CsPbX₃（X = Cl、Br 或 I），作為兼具光吸收與儲能功能的雙功能材料。研究重點聚焦於光電法拉第接面所發生的鹵素置換反應機制。於光激發條件下，CsPbBr₃ 與氯化銫（CsCl）電解質發生鹵素置換反應，生成混合鹵素化合物 CsPbBr₍₃₋ₓ₎Clₓ。此一組成調變改變了材料的電子結構，有效提升載子遷移率與太陽能至電化學能的轉換效率。於暗態放電階段，Cl⁻ 具高電負度，促進逆向鹵素置換反應，使 CsPbBr₃ 結構得以恢復，並伴隨儲存電能的自發釋放。
此一由鹵素置換所驅動之動態且可逆的法拉第過程，提供穩定且高效的運作機制。所製備之 CsPbBr₃ 基法拉第光電容器於無需外部充電源的條件下，實現 0.34 mAh/g 的比電容量，展現優異的光電轉換與儲能整合性能。該裝置同時具備高可逆性、簡潔元件結構與穩定電解質界面，顯示其作為高穩定 IPRESS 平台之潛力。
本研究深入闡析鈣鈦礦系統中鹵素置換與光電法拉第機制之運作原理，進一步建立具實用性與穩定性的電解質工程策略，為實現高能效、長循環壽命，並可無縫整合於 IoT 與其他自供電技術之次世代光電整合儲能裝置，奠定關鍵設計基礎。

The growing demand for portable and autonomous Internet of Things (IoT) devices has highlighted the need for efficient systems that integrate solar energy harvesting with energy storage. Integrated photorechargeable energy storage systems (IPRESS), which combine light absorption and electrochemical storage in a unified platform, offer a promising solution. Among various IPRESS candidates, photocapacitors have drawn significant attention due to their ability to directly convert and store solar energy within a single operation. However, challenges related to material compatibility and charge transport across interfaces have limited their widespread application.
This study investigates the use of all-inorganic lead halide perovskites, specifically CsPbX₃ (X = Cl, Br, or I), as dual-functional materials for light harvesting and charge storage. The research focuses on the halide exchange process occurring at the photo-Faradaic junction, where interaction between photoexcited CsPbBr₃ and a cesium chloride electrolyte induces the formation of a mixed-halide compound, CsPbBr(3−x)Clx. This compositional adjustment results in a modified electronic structure that promotes enhanced charge carrier mobility and more efficient solar-to-electrochemical energy conversion. During the dark discharge phase, the high electronegativity of Cl⁻ facilitates a reverse halide exchange reaction, restoring CsPbBr₃ and enabling spontaneous energy release as electrical output.
The dynamic and reversible Faradaic process enabled by halide exchange provides a stable and efficient operational mechanism. The optimized CsPbBr₃-based Faradaic photocapacitor demonstrates a specific capacity of 0.34 mAh/g without requiring an external charging source. The device exhibits high reversibility, a simplified configuration, and a stable electrolyte interface, confirming its potential as a robust IPRESS platform.
This work advances the understanding of halide exchange and photo-Faradaic processes in perovskite systems. It also introduces an effective electrolyte engineering strategy for the design of next-generation photorechargeable energy storage devices with high energy efficiency, long cycling life, and seamless integration into IoT and other self-powered technologies.

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