因應人口快速高齡化帶來的影響，鼓勵高齡者社會參與不僅對其身心健康有助益，也是國家的政策目標。然而，台灣高齡男性部分社會參與率低於女性，且社會參與也受到外在環境與個體內在動機及考量的影響。目前中高齡者社會參與的研究多著重在探討益處、影響因素、或參與者經驗，較少針對低社會參與者進行探究，是故有必要了解低社會參與者之看法。本研究探索低社會參與中高齡男性對於社會參與觀點，了解其主觀感受與價值，並探討過去生活經驗對低社會參與之影響。
研究共招募20位過去一年內沒有進行正式社會參與之中高齡男性，運用半結構式深度訪談法收集其目前及退休前生活狀況、社會參與現況、對社會參與的看法、以及過去的生活經驗對社會參與的影響，並使用主題分析法進行資料分析。
結果發現五個主題。「生活經驗的持續影響」：過往的工作型態、壓力、參與經驗及生活習慣會影響其社會參與。「親密他人的角色」：配偶及親友在社會參與中提供實質與情感的支持；失去配偶者可能經歷哀傷與失落，並產生社會退縮。「社會參與的負擔與無效益」：進行社會參與需要承擔人際互動及團體規範壓力，且活動內容制式化，實質效益有限。「社會參與的內外在限制」：個體內在的社會性別建構、刻板印象與健康狀態，以及外在的社會環境變遷限制參與。「生活重心的再省思與調整」：透過將重心轉向自身與家庭，可以滿足生活目標及情感需求，並且有助於適應低社會參與。
中高齡男性的社會參與除了受到配偶與重要親友的支持、喪偶及內外在限制的影響外，低社會參與可能是延續過去的生活經驗，以及對參與負擔與實質效益進行衡量的結果。另外，生活重心可能是適應低社會參與的因素。了解此族群的生活樣態、情感支持狀況及對社會參與的需求，有助於提供合適的社會參與活動以及個人身心健康照護的建議。

In response to the rapid aging of the population, promoting social participation has benefits for older adults. However, the frequency of social participation of older men in Taiwan is lower than that of women. This study explored the perspectives about social participation in middle-aged and older men with low social participation. The study recruited 20 participants who had not participated in formal social activities in the past year. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data, including their current and pre-retirement life situations, current social participation, their opinions about social participation, and the impact of past life experiences on social participation. Five themes were identified: the continuity of life experiences, role of intimate others, burden and ineffectiveness of social participation, internal and external constraints on social participation, and reflection and readjustment of life purpose. The social participation of middle-aged and older men is influenced by support from spouses and intimate others, the impact of widowhood, and internal and external constraints. Low social participation may result from the continuation of past life experiences and the consideration of the burdens and tangible benefits of participation. Additionally, re-evaluating life purpose may be a factor in adapting to low social participation.

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