隨著氣候變遷、都市淹水、生態退化發生的次數愈加頻繁，在都市規劃體制中導入兼具生態效益與環境風險回應能力已成為規劃研究的重要議題。自然為本解方（Nature-based Solutions, NbS）相較於工程設施為核心的傳統治理方式，更強調運用自然與生態系統來回應社會挑戰，並追求環境、社會與經濟層面的多重效益。然而，在現行都市計畫實務中，許多規劃內容多宣稱已納入自然元素，然而是否具備 NbS 內涵之規劃作為，仍有待進一步辨識與檢驗。

本研究透過質性研究，以都市計畫文本分析結合深入訪談作為探索本議題之研究方法，透過文獻回顧整理 NbS 之核心概念及其與都市計畫之連結，並以 IUCN 八大準則（C1-C8）結合計畫品質評估（Plan Quality Evaluation, PQE）之分析邏輯，建構一套都市計畫文本之 NbS 評估架構。本架構以必要條件與加分條件兩階段進行判讀。前者用以辨識文本是否具備社會挑戰回應、自然機制、多重效益與生物多樣性等 NbS 基本內涵，後者則進一步評估其在政策管理、在地適應及制度層面整合上的成熟度。據此，本研究選取高雄市鼓山區、凹子底地區與鳳山區三處細部計畫作為實證案例，並檢視不同都市環境條件下之都市計畫文本體現 NbS 概念與實踐之情形。

研究結果顯示，三個案例之都市計畫文本中皆已出現自然導向規劃、生態空間配置與藍綠基礎設施等內容，反映都市計畫體系已逐步萌生與 NbS 相近之規劃思維。然而，依本研究所建構之評估架構進一步檢視，多數文本內容仍缺乏明確之問題導向，亦未清楚說明所導入的自然解方如何作為回應特定社會挑戰之核心手段。三個案例中，鼓山區較能辨識地區問題，但對應措施仍不足；凹子底地區除了能辨識問題，內容也能篩選出具概念有效性的NbS措施，但問題連結仍不夠明確；鳳山區雖也同樣有具概念有效性的NbS措施，卻缺乏完整之問題辨識基礎。整體而言，臺灣的都市計畫已開始嘗試納入 NbS相關內容，但目前多仍停留於片段納入與初步建構階段，距離完整制度導入仍有差距。

本研究提出都市計畫導入 NbS 的關鍵不在於單純增加自然語彙或綠色措施，而在於能否清楚界定地區所欲回應之社會與環境挑戰，並納入治理分工、監測評估及社會參與等配套條件。本研究之貢獻，在於補充臺灣都市計畫體制與 NbS連結之學術討論，並建構一套可供未來制度調整參考之評估架構，協助都市計畫由一般性綠化走向更具問題導向與制度支撐之自然為本治理實踐。

As climate change, urban flooding, and ecological degradation intensify, integrating ecological benefits and environmental risk-response capacity into urban planning has become increasingly important. Nature-based Solutions (NbS) use natural systems and ecological processes to address societal challenges while delivering multiple environmental, social, and economic benefits.

This study adopts a qualitative research approach combining urban planning text analysis and in-depth interviews. By integrating the eight criteria of the IUCN Global Standard for Nature-based Solutions with the Plan Quality Evaluation (PQE) approach, it develops an NbS identification framework for urban planning texts. Three detailed plans in Kaohsiung City—Gushan District, the Aozihdi Area, and Fengshan District—are examined to assess how NbS concepts are reflected in planning texts, while in-depth interviews are used to further explore the institutional conditions and practical requirements for implementation.

The results show that all three cases contain nature-oriented planning, ecological spatial arrangements, and blue-green infrastructure, indicating the emergence of NbS-related thinking in urban planning. However, most texts still lack clear problem identification and explicit links between natural interventions and specific societal challenges. Overall, NbS integration in urban planning remains fragmented and institutionally incomplete. Future urban planning should strengthen problem identification, clarify natural mechanisms, and improve governance, monitoring, and participation to support the institutionalization and practical implementation of NbS.

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