本實驗主要是利用靜電吸引力將具有相反電性的高分子電解質與界面活性劑相互吸引，使水溶性的高分子電解質疏水化，並在氣/液界面上形成穩定的單分子膜。利用界面活性劑的添加來疏水化高分子電解質的方法有二：方法一是將高分子電解質的粉末和界面活性劑的粉末直接分散於溶劑(氯仿/甲醇(v/v)=7/3)中再灑於氣/液界面；而方法二則先混合兩者的水溶液，藉兩者間的靜電作用力產生疏水性的沉澱物。將此沉澱物清洗、烘乾後分散於氯仿中再用以製備單分子膜。在本文中我們將探討界面活性劑的添加量、疏水尾基的長度、及不同的混合方法對混合單分子膜在氣/液界面上的行為的影響。
在π-A等溫線的實驗裡，發現在方法一裡，疏水化之後的高分子電解質可以存在於氣/液界面上，並且會隨著界劑添加量的增加而向右偏移。而等溫線的崩潰壓會隨著所添加之界劑碳鏈長度的增長而提高。而在方法二中，單分子膜並不會因為界劑的改變而有所偏移。由兩個方法的等溫線來看，利用方法二混合的單分子膜延展性會比方法一好。遲滯曲線實驗發現混合單分子膜有良好的再分散性。鬆弛曲線則發現穩定性大致上良好，而且穩定性會隨著界劑碳鏈的增加而增加。原子力顯微鏡的觀察發現方法一中polystyrene sulfonate(PSS)/Octyltrimethylammonium bromide(C8TMAB)系統會形成許多坑洞，而當界劑碳鏈增加為14個碳(Tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide, C14TMAB)時坑洞便形成較平整的膜，而碳鏈增加到18個碳(Octadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, C18TMAB)時，高界劑比例會有明顯的聚集產生。經由粗糙度(RMS)的分析證明，界劑添加量增加會造成單分子膜粗糙度的增加。此現象在PSS/C18TMAB系統尤其明顯。

In this study, polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) was hydrophobized by electrostatic attracting with oppositely charged surfactant, and forms a stable monolayer at the air/water interface. Two methods were used to hydrophobize the polyelectrolyte. The first is by co-spreading the mixed polyelectrolyte/surfactant solution on the subphase. The second is by pre-precipitating the mixture of polyelectrolyte and surfactant in aqueous solution and then spreads the precipitate at the air/water interface by dissolving first in a spreading solvent. The effects of the two methods, as well added amount of surfactant and the chain length of surfactant, on the behavior of the mixed polyelectrolyte/surfactant monolayer at the air/water interface are studied. The experimental results show that, through the incorporation of surfactants, PSS can form stable monolayers with high re-spreading characteristic. For the first method, the mixed monolayer becomes more extended when more amount of surfactant was added and approaches a maximum extended state at specific molar ratios dependent on the chain length of surfactants. Besides, the stability and collapse pressure of the mixed monolayer are higher when a long-chain surfactant is used. For the second method, the extensibility of the monolayer is better than that of method one, and is independent of the surfactant used. The surface morphology of the mixed LB films were analyzed by atomic force microscopy. Empty holes are found on LB film prepared from PSS/octyltrimethylammonium bromide(C8TMAB). The LB film becomes uniform when the surfactant chain length increases to 14 (C14TMAB), and aggregations appear when a longer surfactant (C18TMAB) is used.

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