隨著氣候變遷與溫室效應等環境問題越來越顯著，環保議題受到產業界與學界高度重視，許多國家甚至為了調節溫室氣體，制定相關政策來加重企業的環保責任，要求企業生產必須配合相關政策與限制，達到設定之減排目標，換言之，過往只注重經濟效益之營運方式面臨環保規範未必為達成最小成本之最佳策略，現今決策者進行相關決策時應將產品導入綠色概念並考量環境稅制與政策限制，創造經濟與環境之雙贏局面；隨著科技日新月異，企業藉由投資綠化科技減少碳排放的產生已逐漸可行，但相對額外產生之綠化成本亦需考量對於整體成本結構之影響與其綠化效益。
本研究針對碳排放政策及綠化投資改善對於兩階段供應鏈存貨整合模式之影響進行探討，考量產品生產、運輸以及儲存階段之碳排放，分別於碳排放總量限制、碳稅政策以及總量限制與碳交易三種碳排放政策限制下，以成本最小化為目標，同時求解最佳生產量、運送次數、最佳配送批量以及綠化投資成本，再透過範例研究以各政策之重點參數，如碳稅徵收價格、碳交易價格以及排放限制量，針對不同情境進行分析，並了解各種情境下對應於綠化減碳之投資適用性，於減碳效率之情境比較中，當所選擇之減碳科技效率較高時，則企業應選擇排放限制政策；當所選擇之減碳科技效果遞減參數較高時，則企業應選擇碳稅政策。最後再針對碳排放限制政策之相關參數進行存貨總成本之敏感度分析，於成本類別參數，供應端成本參數對於最具影響力；於碳排放類別參數中，生產每單位產品之碳排放及運輸每單位距離之碳排放最具影響力；於減碳效果因子與排放限制量，排放限制量較具影響力。

This study investigates that the effects of carbon emission policies and green investment have on the proposed two-echelon integrated inventory model during the phases of product production, transportation, and storage, and obtains the optimal production quantity, number of delivery times, order quantity, and green investment cost with consideration of the three carbon emission policies, such as total carbon emission quantity, carbon tax, and cap and trade, to minimize the costs. This study also uses a numerical example to investigate the related parameters, such as the carbon tax price, carbon trading price, and limit on carbon emission, in different conditions to understand the feasibility of green investment and carbon reduction.

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